Table of Content

25 September 2012, Volume 34 Issue 4

Previous Issue    Next Issue

Diversity of diatoms and its important role in marine aquaculture waters

2012, 34(4):  261-267. 

Asbtract ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Diatom is a main component of phytoplankton and benthic algae in marine aquaculture areas and is important food organisms of marine fish, shellfish and shrimps, which plays a very important ecological role in element cycle and energy flow in marine aquaculture waters. In the present paper, a review is made on the study progress focusing on the diatoms in the marine aquaculture waters including the following aspects: diatom species diversity, nano-diatom and its role, taxonomy of diatom, nutrition value of diatom cells as animal food. This review is made aiming on increasing our knowledge on diatom taxonomy, species diversity, and their relationship with aquaculture capacity and aquaculture environment changes.

Study on Assessment and Categorization for the Eco-environmental Quality of Shellfish-Culture Regions in Zhao’an Bay, Fujian province

2012, 34(4):  268-277. 

Asbtract ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

According to the data of eco-environmental survey from the shellfish culture areas of Zhao’an Bay in March, June and September 2009, deleterious substances (such as Cu, Pb, Cd, Hg, As, petroleum, HCH, sulphide, DDT, PCBs, coliforms, Escherichia coli, DSP and PSP) in seawater, surface sediments and fishery organisms were detected and analyzed. Eco-environmental quality of those areas was assessed and classified by single index method of seawater quality, surface sediment quality or culture shellfish quality, and synthesis assessment index method of the whole eco-environmental quality. The results showed that the quality grades of seawater, surface sediment and culture shellfish, all ranging from Grade 2 to Grade 6, with an average of grade 3, grade 4 and grade 2, respectively. The shellfish culture eco-environmental quality grade also ranged from Grade 2 to Grade 6, mean of grade 3. Overall, the quality of eco-environmental survey in the shellfish culture areas of Zhao’an Bay was in relatively good level, since the quality was relatively good level by seawater, general level by surface sediments and good level by culture shellfish. And the major contaminants were petroleum, Escherichia coli, DDT and PCBs. There was no area in the shellfish areas of Zhao’an Bay belonged to the first kind or natural background. And there were 15 areas belonged to the second kind occupying 88% of all areas, while 2a kind in clean had 6 areas occupying 35% of all areas, 2b kind in relatively clean had 5 areas occupying 30%, 2c kind in light polluted had 4 areas occupying 24%. In addition, there were 2 areas belonged to the third kind while 3a kind in middle polluted or 3b kind in seriously polluted had one area occupying 6%, respectively. It was same between the results of eco-environmental synthesis assessment and categorization of Zhao’an shellfish regions and its environmental pollution present situation.

The immunology competence analysis of the different generation and mating combinations offsprings at larval stages for Litopenaeus vannamei

2012, 34(4):  278-283. 

Asbtract ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

The immune indices of detection and analysis on inbred and hybrid offspring within stock F2A throngh artificial selection and inbred during two successive generations was carried out in group selection breeding study of Litopenaeus vannamei. The results showed that many immune indices in group F3A and F4A of inbred offsprings were higher than the other mating groups in the same generation, including the phagocytic activity in the hemocytes for group F3A and F4A was 14.8% to 64.3% and 27.0% to 44.8% higher than the other groups, respectively. The cytolytic activity in the serotonin for group F3A and F4A was 76.3% to 74.6% and 36.5% to 58.3% higher than the other groups with the same generation. Serum protein levels was also higher than other groups, but only the index of prophenol oxidase was lowest. The results indicated that inbred of Litopenaeus vannamei may be benefit for heredity in immune. But heterosis of hybrid group in the growth rate and resistance was not consistent with its low immune indices.

The study of the Changes in physical and chemical factors and optimum time to stock in breeding ponds since then using calcium oxide

Jun-De FAN

2012, 34(4):  284-289. 

Asbtract ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

By comprehensively detecting the main physical and chemical factors of breeding ponds in Sichuan province area, which includes water temperature(T), pH value, dissolved oxygen(DO), chemical oxygen demand(COD), nutritive salts, and so on, after using the quicklime method, the variations of corresponding key physical and chemical factors are investigated in this paper. Also, with the aid of acute toxicity experiment aiming for Procypris rabaudip, the accurate safe pH value 8.565 is obtained. Above results indicated that, it is feasible to take the pH value as a key index of the exact time delay for stocking the species after clearing ponds. Our study demonstrated that, five-day delay is enough and suitable to stock the species after clearing ponds in Sichuan province area.

Gold immunochromatographic assay for rapid determination of nitrofurantoin metabolite residues in aquatic products

2012, 34(4):  290-295. 

Asbtract ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Gold immunochromatographic assay (GICA) was used to determine the nitrofurantoin metabolite (AHD) residues in aquatic products, while using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to validate the results. The detection limit of GICA was 1.0 μg/kg. The false positive rate was less 5%, and false negative rate was 0. The results of the two methods for aquatic products were in accordance. The results showed that GICA has the advantages of convenient operation, rapidity and low cost, which provides a rapid method for the screen of AHD in aquatic products, while LC-MS/MS is accurate and suitable for determination of positive samples.

Acute Toxicity Test of Six Drugs to Cyprinus carpio

2012, 34(4):  296-301. 

Asbtract ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Abstract: At water temperature 26.0 to 27.5 degrees and hydrostatic conditions in the room，the acute toxicity of CuSO4, High chloride, Albendazole, BCDMH, Trichlorfon and Hundred of Cyrtomium fortunei powder were conducted by Cyprinus carpio larvae which average body length and average weight were 7.5-9.1cm and 7.3-9.2g. The results showed that the safety concentration of CuSO4, High chloride, Albendazole, BCDMH, Trichlorfon, Hundred of Cyrtomium fortunei powder were 0.17mg/L, 3.86g/m3, 7.35mg/L, 11.70mg/L, 18.05g/m3, 70.80g/m3 respectively, the sensitivity in order of six kinds drugs were CuSO4 > High chloride > Albendazole > BCDMH > Trichlorfon > Hundred of Cyrtomium fortunei powder. The safety concentration of High chloride, BCDMH, Trichlorfon and Hundred of Cyrtomium fortunei powder were significantly higher than the production using dosage, so they can be used safely in cultivation of Cyprinus carpio. the safety concentration of CuSO4 were significantly lower than the production dosage, on Cyprinus carpio production using, this paper proposes to reduce the dosage. The bath dose range of Albendazole had not been reported on fishers yet, so the test results could be used as reference in future.

Investigation and analysis of the otter board trawl fishery in Minnan-Taiwan Shallow Fishing Ground

ChangChun Shen

2012, 34(4):  302-308. 

Asbtract ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Based on the monitoring survey data（production records of monitoring vessel and appraisal analysis of samples）and production statistics data of the otter board trawlers in related county/city operating in Minnan-Taiwan shallow fishing ground during 2009~2010, this paper expounded the fishery role, distribution of fishing ground and fishing gears type used in the otter board trawl fishery, meanwhile the species composition and the resource dynamics of main catch targets were mainly analyzed. The results showed that the yield of the otter board trawl fishery was the first in various marine fisheries, the number of large tonnage and high-power fishing boats have been increasing for years, winged solo cod-ends accounted for most in the type of fishing gears, and mesh size of fishing gears became smaller and smaller, which caused serious damage to commercial young fish. The results also showed that the otter board trawl had substantial change in fishery resource structure, the catch was mainly composed of species with short lifecycle, and biomass of low grade of nutrition fish resources such as swimming crab, squid,cuttlefish and shrimp increased obviously, the stock of Paerargyrops edita decreased year by year and tended to smaller and younger; the dominant specie Bleekeria anguilliviridis in Minnan-Taiwan shallow fishing ground during 1996-2005 had rarely been seen nowadays.

Species composition and quantity distribution of ichthyoplankton in Luoyuan bay in summer

2012, 34(4):  309-315. 

Asbtract ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

The species composition and quantity distribution of fish eggs, larvae and juveniles in Luoyuan bay in summer 2009 were studied. It was found that 19 eggs, larvae and juveniles were identified during this survey, belonging to 13 families, and 10 eggs and 14 larvae and juveniles were included. For fish eggs, larvae and juveniles in Luoyuan bay in summer, the mean densities were 1.80 ind/m3 and 0.54 ind/m3 by horizontal trawling, and 4.11 ind/m3 and 2.63 ind/m3 by vertical trawling. Species in Engraulidae family were most abundant, and the dominant species were Thrissa mystax and Stolephorus commersonli. Compared with the past, the species numbers of ichthyoplankton was decreasing, and the dominant species varied from several coexisted family fish to dominated species in Engraulidae family. The distribution area of high abundance region for ichthyoplankton in summer appeared in the central and northern part and bay mouth of Luoyuan bay.

Fishery status and spawning population characteristic of Mugil cephalus in coastal waters of Putian

XU HuaShan

2012, 34(4):  316-319. 

Asbtract ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Based on the survey data of Mugil cephalus by gill nets in coastal waters of Putian during November of 2010 to February of 2011. This paper studied the composition of spawning population, distribution of mature degree and the fishery status of Mugil cephalus. The results showed that the spawning stage and fishing season of Mugil cephalus is Autumn and Winter. The catch by gill net was main spawning population with the dominant fork length from 450~550mm. The fishery resources was reduced and no fishing season of seedling of Mugil cephalus were due to many gill nets for catching large spawning population in coastal waters. In order to protect and utilize the resource of Mugil cephalus, this paper suggested to develop the investigation on utilaization situation of Mugil cephalus by gill nets and swing nets in coastal waters.

A tilapia culturing test by hanging brushes in cement pool

2012, 34(4):  320-325. 

Asbtract ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Using the brushes hanged in cement pool and formed a biofilm attached by microbial algae to purify water quality, we carried out a tilapia （T.aureus♀×T. nilotica♂）culturing test. The test, which cultured 2400 tilapia seedlings with body length of 2~ 3 cm in 4 open-air cement pools, began on May 6th in 2011. After 182 day culturing, the two test pools harvested 1,179 individuals with average body weight of 197.0 g, the survival rate was 98.25% and the total output was 232.25 kg. The two control pools harvested 906 individuals with average body weight of 197.6 g, the survival rate was 75.50%, and the total output was 179.02 kg. The experimental results showed that, the test pool could improve water transparency, maintain the water temperature relatively stable, purify water quality, and not exchange the water or reduce the water exchange quantity, so as to reach the result of health cultivation. Key words: brushes; water purification; healthy aquaculture; tilapia

Effects of Diets on Growth and Survival Rates Of Octopus vulgaris paralarvae

2012, 34(4):  326-330. 

Asbtract ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Abstract: Growth and survival rates of Octopus vulgaris paralarvae feeding on rotifers， enriched artemia nauplii，enriched Moina mongolica，Daphnia-like larvae of trituberculatus were invetigated. The result shows that rotifer was not appropriate for Octopus vulgaris paralarvae as creature bait; the effect sequence of diets on growth and survival rates of octopus vulgaris paralarvae in constant temperature test is mix enriched artemia nauplii > mix enriched Moina mongolica > artemia nauplii enriched by Chlorella > Moina mongolica enriched by Chlorella; the effect sequence of diets on growth and survival rates of octopus vulgaris paralarvae at room temperature test is “daphnia-like larvae of trituberculatu + artemia nauplii” > artemia nauplii enriched by fish oil > mix enriched artemia nauplii. It may be considered that the a“daphnia-like larvae of trituberculatu + artemia nauplii” is the better food for the paralarvae of Octopus vulgaris.

Applicatoin of Artificial Sperrmatophore Transplantation in Penaeus monodon Nursery

xin HONG

2012, 34(4):  331-334. 

Asbtract ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

This paper described the application of artificial spermatophore transplantation in Penaeus monodon nursery production. The results showed that the artificial spermatophore transplantation could let female shrimp fertilize repeatedly and fully utilized the expensive parent shrimp, and thereby reduce the nursery costs and increase the production. The artificial spermatophore transplantation technology includes spermatophore obtainment and implantation. Among three methods for spermatophore obtainment including extraction, extrusion and cannulation, the method of extraction was more convenient and effective since the spermatophore could regenerate and become matured after extraction. While the methods of extrusion and cannulation had greater impact on parent shrimp and the success rate was not high. A spermatophore was implanted in every transplantation implantation procedure by single person operation. The best time for obtaining the highest success rate of artificial spermatophore transplantation for Penaeus monodon was within 12 to 24 h after shelling. After 4 or 5 days of intensive culture, the ovary of parent shrimps could fully grow and spawn again, and the offsprings were without obvious different from those of non-surgical parent shrimp breeding in larvae hatch and development, the natural mating can be obtained.

Influence of Different Processings of Kelp on Iodine

2012, 34(4):  335-338. 

Asbtract ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

To study the influence of different processings of kelp on iodine, iodine content were determined by ashing method and subjected to analysis of variance. The results showed that, the blanching process had significant effect on the iodine erosion（P<0.01）, the iodine content of kelp blanched by seawater was 0.0662%, significantly higher than that blanched by fresh water（P<0.01）; the iodine content of dietary fiber produced by kelp was significantly lower than that of fresh kelp（P<0.01）, and the iodine content of dietary fiber from seawater blanching kelp was significantly higher than that in fresh blanching kelp and saline kelp（P<0.01）; the iodine content would lose during the processing of gel particle.

Preliminary study on carbon sink function of shellfish and algae and its development mode in the construction of marine ranching

LIANG JUN

2012, 34(4):  339-343. 

Asbtract ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Resource management fishery (RMF) is one of the main directions of future marine fisheries development. Marine ranching is an approach to achieve RMF. The combination of marine ranching and carbon sink fishery is a new aquatic conservation form. It had broad application prospects to use shellfish breeding and algae cultivation as carriers of the construction of marine ranching. In this paper, the form of the construction of marine ranching in China was analyzed and the carbon sink function of the shellfish and algae and its importance in the construction of marine ranching were discussed. The reasonable planning in the construction of marine ranching based on the actual conditions of the shallow waters was also proposed.

Current analysis on fisheries in South China Sea islands

2012, 34(4):  344-346. 

Asbtract ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

This paper elaborates the significances of fishery development in South China Sea islands for sustainable utilization of fisheries and safeguard of Chinese maritime rights and interests in South China Sea. This paper also summarizes the exploitation state of fisheries in South China Sea, analyzes the factors affecting sustainable utilization, and proposes strategies and suggestions to solve the existing problems.