Table of Content

25 February 2023, Volume 45 Issue 1

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Research Paper

Genetic diversity and genetic structure of Culter alburnus in Tai Lake and Hongze Lake based on mitochondrial DNA Cyt b gene sequences

YANG Ziping, LI Daming, LIU Yanshan, YANG Jiaxin

2023, 45(1):  1-7.  DOI: 10.14012/j.cnki.fjsc.2023.01.001

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Culter alburnus has high nutritional, economic and ecological values, but its wild resources tend to be exhausted in recent years. So, it is urgent to protect germplasm resources of C.alburnus. In this study, the molecular marker of mtDNA Cyt b gene was used to investigate the genetic diversity and genetic structure of C.alburnus populations in Tai Lake and Hongze Lake, and the Cyt b gene sequences were amplified and sequenced. The research results showed that the full length of Cyt b gene was 1 141 bp, and the base content of A+T was higher than that of G+C.29 variable sites were detected and 29 haplotypes were defined in 98 Cyt b sequences. The average haplotype diversity (Hd) and nucleotide diversity (Pi) of C.alburnus were 0.923 and 0.002 74, respectively, and the average number of nucleotide differences was 3.127. The Hd values of Tai Lake and Hongze Lake populations were 0.927 and 0.816, respectively, and the Pi values of two lake populations were 0.002 85 and 0.002 20, respectively. The genetic diversity of C.alburnus showed high Hd and low Pi. The results of molecular variance analysis showed that the proportion of molecular variation within populations was 15.01%, and the proportion of molecular variation between populations was 84.99%. The coefficient of genetic differentiation (Fst) was 0.150 15 (P<0.01), indicating that there was significant genetic differentiation between the two populations. The values of Tajima's D and Fu's Fs neutral tests were both negative, but significant difference was only found for Fu's Fs neutral test. Furthermore, the mismatch distribution curve was obvious unimodal. Both neutral test and mismatch distribution suggested C.alburnus had experienced population expansion in evolutionary history. In a word, the present results could provide scientific data for the management and protection of C.alburnus germplasm resources in Tai Lake and Hongze Lake.

Analysis of the genetic diversity and sequence variation of mitochondrial COⅠgene from three populations of Macrobrachium rosenbergii

JIANG Fei, DAI Xilin

2023, 45(1):  8-13.  DOI: 10.14012/j.cnki.fjsc.2023.01.002

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In order to investigate the genetic diversity among three populations of Macrobrachium rosenbergii collected from Shanghai breeding population (SC), Zhejiang cultured population (ZJ) and Thailand wild population (TL), the mitochondrial sequences of the COⅠ gene in the three populations were amplified and determined by PCR and sequencing. The result showed that 8 nucleotide sites and 4 haplotypes were found in the 458 bp long partial gene segment. The mean content of A+T (54.4%) was higher than G+C (45.7%). Genetic variation parameters showed the population of highest haplotype diversity was TL population (Hd=0.733), the population of highest nucleotide diversity was ZJ population (π=0.005). AMOVA showed that genetic variations among populations (74.5%) was higher than that within populations (25.5%). The tendency of molecular phylogenetic trees which were constructed by NJ and UPMGA method was similar. SC population and ZJ population were the closest genetically, and they clustered into a small branch, then with TL population. These findings were expected to provide reference information for the protection and utilization of germplasm resources of M.rosenbergii.

Effects of acute hypoxic stress on Eleutheronema tetradactylum gill organ and liver tissue damage

LIN Xin, OU Youjun, WEN Jiufu, XU Shuyu, LI Jia'er

2023, 45(1):  14-22.  DOI: 10.14012/j.cnki.fjsc.2023.01.003

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To investigate the effects of acute hypoxic stress on the gill organs and liver tissue damage of juvenile Eleutheronema tetradactylum, a 2 h acute hypoxic stress experiment was conducted with 2 mg/L of dissolved oxygen in the water. Then the gills and liver organs of E.tetradactylum were observed using conventional paraffin sections and HE staining as well as electron microscopic techniques. The results displayed contraction of the blood sinuses in the gill filaments of E.tetradactylum under acute hypoxic stress, with dilated ends; longer gill lamellae, larger intervals and swollen and bulging parts of the epithelium. The parietal crypt of mitochondria-rich cells changed from concave to flat and the intracellular mitochondrial morphology changes from oval to round. Liver tissue showed hepatocyte necrosis and fusion of hepatocytes. Hypoxic stress had a large effect on the gill and liver tissues of E.tetradactylum and caused structural damage to the tissues by 2 h.

The full length heritability estimation of Acanthopagrus latus

ZHAO Hongbo, TAN Yuting, YANG Le, YOU Songyuan, LIU Xiande

2023, 45(1):  23-29.  DOI: 10.14012/j.cnki.fjsc.2023.01.004

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Acanthopagrus latus is an important marine economic fish in the southeast coast of China. At present, there is no new breed approved by the National Original Breeds Approval Committee. In order to breed a new variety of A.latus with fast growth, it is necessary to estimate the heritability of growth traits. In this study, nineteen full sibling families of A.latus including 7 half-sib families were constructed by using the nested design with an artificial insemination. The growth data of 35-day-old A.latus were measured, and their full-length heritability was estimated using MTDFREML software. The results showed that the heritability of full length was (0.234±0.047), which was moderate. The results provide reference materials for the selection breeding of the A.latus in the future.

Differences in growth,biochemical indexes and digestive enzyme activities between freshwater cultured and seawater cultured Takifugu obscurus juveniles

CHEN Weijia, LI Fuxue, ZHANG Sipeng, CHEN Yanting, DAI Yanbin, HUANG Honglong, YOU Yingzhe, CHEN Wuge

2023, 45(1):  30-39.  DOI: 10.14012/j.cnki.fjsc.2023.01.005

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By comparing the individual growth indicators of Takifugu obscurus juveniles during freshwater cultured and seawater cultured, the activities of digestive enzymes and non-specific immune enzymes, and muscle biochemical components were determined to explore the effects of freshwater culture on growth and physiology of T.obscurus juveniles. The results showed that the body length and body mass growth of T.obscurus juveniles in the freshwater groups and seawater groups were significantly affected by the salinity, and the growth indexes of the juveniles in freshwater group were better than those in the seawater group (P<0.01). The activity of Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase was significantly lower than that of the seawater group, and the LZM activity was significantly higher than that of the seawater group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the activities of antioxidant enzymes, digestive enzymes and muscle biochemical components between the freshwater groups and seawater groups (P>0.05). Compared with seawater culture, freshwater culture was more conducive to the growth of T.obscurus. This study could provide scientific data for T.obscurus large-scale healthy farming.

The growth characteristics of Abramis brama orientalis Berg in Fukang reservoir,Xinjiang

CHEN Peng, QI Feng, XIE Chungang, HAN Junjun, FENG Yonghui, MA Yanwu

2023, 45(1):  40-45.  DOI: 10.14012/j.cnki.fjsc.2023.01.006

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To evaluate the current status of Abramis brama orientalis Berg population in Fukang reservoir,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,and promote reasonable exploiting resources, based on 45 specimens collected in May 2021, the age composition and growth characteristics of A.brama orientalis Berg were studied. The results showed that the age composition of the captured A.brama orientalis Berg was 1⁺~4⁺ years old. Growth of A.brama orientalis Berg takes on a constant speed style. The relationship between body length and body mass relationship could be described by the following equations: W=0.020 8SL^{3.001 7}. Growth could be described by Von Bertalanffy equation with the growth parameters. Body length growth parameters: SL_∞=43.066 8 cm,k =0.180,t₀ =-0.179 5 years old. Body mass growth parameters: W_∞ =1 672.056 2 g,k =0.180,t₀ =-0.197 4 years old, ?= 5.811. The inflexion point of age for body mass growth and the corresponding body length and body mass was at 5.9 years old. The age of maximum biomass of the population was at t=4.4 years old. It was suggested that catchable age was 4 years old.

Isolation of marine microorganisms and screening of antimicrobial strains

CHENG Xitong, JIN Ting, MA Chuwen, CHEN Yunghusan

2023, 45(1):  46-53.  DOI: 10.14012/j.cnki.fjsc.2023.01.007

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Marine microorganisms contain many unknown active substances due to their complex living environment, which is a good resource to explore the application of antagonism in aquaculture. In this study, the antimicrobial spectrum of marine microbial extracts isolated from marine organisms and environment against animal pathogenic bacteria was analyzed, and the strains with antagonistic activity were screened. 27 strains of 9 species including 3 strains of Edwardsiella anguillarum, 3 strains of E.tarda, 4 strains of Aeromonas hydrophila, 2 strains of A.veronii, 8 strains of Vibrio parahemolyticus, 1 strain of V.alginolyticus, 1 strains of V.harveyi, 3 strains of Escherichia coli, 2 strains of Salmonella pullorum were used as indicator pathogens. The antimicrobial spectrum of 74 marine strains was determined by filter paper diffusion method. It was found that among the 74 marine strains, 14 strains had inhibition on Edwardsiella, 19 strains of had inhibition on the Aeromonas, 14 strains had inhibitory effect on V.parahemolyticus, 12 strains had inhibition on V.alginolyticus, 27 strains had inhibitory effect on E.coli, 24 strains had inhibition on Salmonella, but no strain could inhibit the V.harveyi strains. Among them, N-14 (Bacillus) had certain inhibitory effects on A.veronii E-12 (MIC of 10 240 μg/mL), E.coli and S.pullorum. In addition, a total of 9 marine fungi genera were found to have significant inhibitory activities against the other 8 indicator pathogens except V.harveyi.

End-member analysis of surface sediments in Wuyuan Bay and Tong'an Bay mouth of Xiamen,Fujian Province

WANG Weibin, YAO Hongyi, WU Hao, YU Guangxin

2023, 45(1):  54-63.  DOI: 10.14012/j.cnki.fjsc.2023.01.008

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Based on the surface sediment samples collected in 2022, the sedimentary dynamic environment and sediment source of Wuyuan Bay and Tong'an Bay mouth were studied by end-member analysis method. The results showed that three unimodal end-members were extracted using surface sediment grain size end-member analysis. The EM1 components represented the sedimentary environment with shallow water depth and weak hydrodynamic force, which could be used to indicate the sediments entering the sea form the rivers and the fine particulate matters in the Taiwan Strait with the rising tide. EM2 components represented the sedimentary environment with strong hydrodynamic effect and significant mechanical differentiation, and could represent the terrestrial clastic materials eroded by coastal weathering. The EM3 components represented the sedimentary dynamic environment under the disturbance of stronger human activities, and represented the bottom sand material before the large-scale deposition of Tong'an Bay affected by human activities such as Gaoji seawall and reclamation. Recently, human activities such as Gaoji sea dyke opening project, bridge construction, channel and harbor dredging and reclamation had disturbed the sedimentary environment of the study area, and the gravelly coarse sand substrate had been exposed.

Research on phytoplankton distribution characteristics and environmental impact factors in drinking water source reservoir

CHEN Yingxin, LIN Zhirong, SU Yuping, Balaji PRASATH·BARATHAN, HUANG Jinping, WANG Xue, FENG Shenglin

2023, 45(1):  64-71.  DOI: 10.14012/j.cnki.fjsc.2023.01.009

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We studied the phytoplankton community structure and the environmental factors in different hydrological periods during the wet season in 2020 and the wet and dry season in 2021 of Dongzhang Reservoir including the inlet, the center and the outlet, which locates in Fuqing City of Fujian Province. The results showed that the average total phytoplankton density varied from 2.3×10⁷ to 5.2 ×10⁷ cell/L at the outlet of Dongzhang Reservoir during the wet season in 2021, which was more than three times that of the average phytoplankton density varied from 5.6×10⁶ to 2.3×10⁷cell/L during the dry season. The Bacillariophyta, Cyanophyta and Chlorophyta were the dominated and the average proportions were 47.5%, 31.6% and 14.0%, respectively, in the dry season. The Cyanophyta occupied an absolute advantage with an average proportion of 77.7% in the wet season. The content of the soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) was low in the water during wet and dry season, but the content of total phosphorus (TP), total dissloved phosphorus (TDP) and dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) were relatively high. Pearson correlation analysis showed that Cyanophyta, Chlorophyta and total algae density were extremely significantly negatively associated with SRP, and Chlorophyta and Bacillariophyta were significantly positively associated with DOP and TDP. The RDA analysis of environmental factors and phytoplankton density revealed that the Cyanophyta was strongly and positively correlated with the air temperature, and the Bacillariophyta positively correlated with the water level. This study provided a reference for the prevention and control of Cyanobacteria bloom and the protection of drinking water sources in Dongzhang Reservoir.

Current situation and countermeasures of lobster import in China from 2017 to 2021

YUE Dongdong, LIU Zifei, GENG Rui, WU Xianfang

2023, 45(1):  72-79.  DOI: 10.14012/j.cnki.fjsc.2023.01.010

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The fundamental way to fulfill the consumption of aquatic products by Chinese residents is to make overall use of the two markets and resources at home and abroad. Lobster is one of the representative-high-end aquatic products. In order to grasp the characteristics of lobster import in recent years, the article analyzed the trade scale, variety structure, trade mode, source market and other contents by using the import data of lobster from 2017 to 2021 in China. The results were as follows, the import scale of lobster expanded rapidly, with an average annual growth of 11.78% from 2017 to 2021. Fresh lobster was the main type of imported products, and the cumulative import volume accounts for 86.03% of the total import volume of lobster. Ordinary trade occupied an absolute dominant position in China's lobster import trade. 11 countries, including Canada, the United States of America, Australia and New Zealand, and so on, were the main import source markets, and the cumulative import volume accounts for 95.54% of the total import volume. The relationship between income and lobster consumption demand showed that there was a strong correlation between group income and lobster import volume, and the correlation coefficient between group income and import volume was larger. The demand income elasticity of lobster was greater than 1, which was a luxury with elasticity. In order to adapt to China's consumption upgrading and diversified demand, it was proposed to maintain a more open import strategy, make good use of lobster trading tools, and carry out lobster seed industry innovation.

Analysis and prevention suggestions of the characteristics of marine meteorological disasters in Fujian Province from 2011 to 2020

LIN Xiuqiong

2023, 45(1):  80-87.  DOI: 10.14012/j.cnki.fjsc.2023.01.011

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This paper reviewed the marine meteorological disasters occurred in Fujian Province from 2011 to 2020, and analyzed the characteristics of marine meteorological disasters such as frequency, occurrence time, degree of damage and the loss, and affected areas in Fujian Province, and influencing factors. The results showed the following key characteristics of Fujian marine meteorological disasters: high occurrence frequency, concentration of occurrence period, high degree of loss and a wide range of affected areas. It occured almost every year. The occurrence mainly concentrated in January, July, August, September and October. The losses of marine meteorological disaster was ranked one of the highest among marine disasters in Fujian Province. The affected areas included all six coastal cities and one district, among which Ningde City, Fuzhou City, and Zhangzhou City were seen as the key marine meteorological disaster-stricken area. The influencing factors of marine meteorological disasters mainly included weather system factors, geographic factors and marine factors. The weather system factors mainly were typhoons and cold air. The geographical factors was mainly affected by the"narrow tube effect"of the Taiwan Strait. The marine factor was mainly the rising trend of sea level along the coast of China (including Fujian). Based on the above analysis, the paper further analyzed the current situation of the marine disaster prevention system in Fujian Province, and explored some issues concerning the early warning and forecasting capabilities of marine meteorological disasters, disaster risk management, disaster prevention and mitigation publicity and education, which contribute to strengthening the meteorological disaster prevention system and offer some insights into understanding of future development of fishery and marine economy.

Reflections on several issues in the construction and management of marine ranching in Zhejiang Province

MAO Mengpan, CAI Houcai, YE Yongfeng

2023, 45(1):  88-95.  DOI: 10.14012/j.cnki.fjsc.2023.01.012

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Marine ranching, as a new form of marine economy, with large investment, high technological content and great development potential, has become an effective means to restore the deterioration of coastal ecological environment and the decline of fishery resources in China, and also an important way to realize the strategy of marine ecological civilization and maritime power. This paper analyzed the development status of marine ranching in Zhejiang Province, pointed out the main problems and their causes in the current construction and management of marine ranching in the province, and put forward some countermeasures and suggestions from the perspectives of updating concepts, industrial integration as well as scientific and technological innovation, which could provide reference for relevant departments.

Thoughts on carbon sequestration fisheries: a case study of Binzhou City, Shandong Province

ZHANG Yue, WEI Yanliang, WANG Shanwu, WANG Xiao, YIN Linlin, YANG Beibei

2023, 45(1):  96-100.  DOI: 10.14012/j.cnki.fjsc.2023.01.013

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Global warming threatens human survival and social development. Reducing the content of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and developing a low-carbon economy have become the consensus of all countries in the world. Carbon sequestration fishery is of great and practical significance to the development of low-carbon economy. Carbon sequestration fishery will become the driving force of a new round of fishery development. This paper first expounded the concept and mechanism of carbon sequestration and carbon sequestration fisheries. Based on the field investigation of various breeding enterprises and marine pastures in Zhanhua District, Wudi County and Beihai Economic Development Zone of Binzhou City,this paper collected the relevant data of shellfish, algae, fish and shrimp fisheries in Binzhou City in recent years, and then analyzed the current situation of the development of carbon sequestration fisheries in Binzhou City from the aspects of resources, breeding mode, marine pastures and resource restoration. This paper expounded the problems existing in the development of carbon sequestration fisheries, and finally put forward feasible suggestions for the development of carbon sequestration fisheries from the perspective of the government.