Table of Content

25 June 2022, Volume 44 Issue 3

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Research Paper

Evaluation of genomic selection against neuronecrosis in the red-spotted grouper

WANG Zhuobiao, FANG Ming, ZHENG Leyun, GE Hui, CHEN Xinxin, LUO Huiyu, WANG Zhiyong

2022, 44(3):  205-212.  DOI: 10.14012/j.cnki.fjsc.2022.03.001

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Red-spotted grouper(Epinephelus akaara) is an important maricultured fish in the southeast coastal area of China.It is highly infected by red-spotted grouper nerve necrosis virus(RGNNV) during the artificial cultivation,which seriously restricted the development of the artificial breeding industry.In this study,230 ind RGNNV susceptible(disease-infected death) and 230 ind resistant(eventually survived fish) red-spotted grouper fry were collected for genome resequencing,and 5 412 683 single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) were discovered,which were used for genetic evaluation of the RGNNV resistance of the red-spotted grouper.The estimated heritability of RGNNV was 0.566 2,and the accuracy of the genomic estimated breeding value(GEBV) with whole genome SNPs markers was 0.154 3.The evaluation of the effect of random selection of different numbers of markers on the genomic prediction accuracy showed that using≥5 000(5 k) SNPs markers could obtain more desirable results.This study provided a useful theoretical reference for application of genomic selection for breeding of red-spotted grouper against RGNNV.

Estimated breeding value and heritability of 18 pfm body weight for full-sib families of Mastacembelus armatus

LIU Yanyan, XUE Lingzhan, FU Jianjun, WU Meiying, CHEN Yushu, LIAO Mengxiang, CHEN Duhuang, HU Zhenxi, LIN Xuewen, DONG Zaijie, FAN Haiping, WU Bin

2022, 44(3):  213-222.  DOI: 10.14012/j.cnki.fjsc.2022.03.002

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With the gradual rise of aquaculture of Mastacemblus armatus,the problems such as germ plasm confusion and unclear genetic background have become increasingly prominent,which are not conducive to the commercial development of variety.In order to explore the breeding potential of M.armatus,this study used wild M.armatus as parents to construct 17 full-sib families through full-sib breeding model.After 18 months of cultivation,seven effective families were finally obtained.The single trait animal model was used to estimate the breeding value and heritability of each individual by BLUP,with the average body weight of each family as a covariate.The variance component evaluation results of the full-sib family weight of 18 pfm M.armatus showed that the heritability was(0.468 1±0.173 7),the t test reached P<0.01,and the body weight had a positive correlation with breeding value.The regression equation of male was y=0.393 6x-84.193 0(R²=0.755 4,P<0.01);the female was y=0.517x-64.126(R²=0.817 8,P<0.01).The females with the top 50 breeding values were mainly concentrated in family B,E and D,especially family B,the top 24 females and top 19 males were from this family.The maximum breeding value of male fish was 75.09,and that of female fish was 67.49,both of them were from the same family B.Through this study,the M.armatus had high heritability of body weight,which could be selected by phenotype or BLUP breeding value.

Effects of different feeding rates on growth and efficiency of land-based circular pond culture Micropterus salmoides

MA Yanqun, SI Nan, JIE Baifei, CHENG Guangping, JIANG Linyuan, LI Jianming, DONG Shenghui, GU Changhui, CHENG Man

2022, 44(3):  223-228.  DOI: 10.14012/j.cnki.fjsc.2022.03.003

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In order to investigate the optimal daily feeding rates of Micropterus salmoides in land-based circular pond culture,five feeding rates were set as 1.6%,1.9%,2.2%,2.5% and 2.8%,and the water temperature of the experimental pond was set as 24.8℃ to 26.5℃.The effects of different feeding levels on the growth and main breeding efficiency of M.salmoides with initial body weight of(116.00±10.68) g were studied.The results showed that the daily weight gain rate,specific growth rate and output per square meter were the highest in B5 group(daily feeding rate 2.8%),followed by B3 group(daily feeding rate 2.2%).There were no significant differences in feed conversion ratio and coefficient of variation between groups(P>0.05).Based on the comprehensive evaluation of main growth indexes and breeding efficiency parameters,the optimal daily feeding rate of M.salmoides with an initial body weight of(116.00±10.68) g was 2.2% in land-based circular pond culture.

Optimization of protoplast isolation conditions of Gracilaria tenuistipitata var.liui Zhang et Xia

HE Yibin, HAO Hua

2022, 44(3):  229-234.  DOI: 10.14012/j.cnki.fjsc.2022.03.004

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Gracilaria tenuistipitata var.liui Zhang et Xia,commonly known as Gracilaria crinale, is one of the major marine economic algae cultivated in coastal areas of China.In order to obtain the best enzymolysis conditions for the isolation of protoplasts from Gracilarla tenuistipitata var.liui Zhang et Xia,the isolation conditions of protoplasts were optimized from the factors of enzymolysis solution composition,enzymolysis temperature and enzymolysis time.The optimum enzymatic hydrolysis conditions were as follows:1) Enzymatic hydrolysis solution components:salinity 25 sterilized natural seawater with 10 mmol·L^-1 CaCl₂,0.8 mol/L D-Mannitol,2% Cellulase R-10,1% Maecrozyme R-10,0.5% pectinase Y-23,10 U/mL agarase,pH 6.3;2) Enzymolysis conditions:28℃,80 r·min^-1,dark enzymolysis for 8 h.This study would provide a powerful tool for the genetic improvement of Gracilaria varieties.

Selectivity of different mesh size codends of two-stick swingnet for Trichiurus lepturus in Eastern Fujian sea waters

ZHUANG Zhidong, LIU Yong, MA Chao, XU Chunyan, CAI Jiandi, SHEN Changchun

2022, 44(3):  235-241.  DOI: 10.14012/j.cnki.fjsc.2022.03.005

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In order to explore the selectivity of different mesh size codends of two-stick swingnet for Trichiurus lepturus in Eastern Fujian sea waters,4 mesh sizes(25,35,45 and 55 mm) codends were compared using covered net method in the autumn of 2019.The Logistic model was used to fit the selectivity curve of T.lepturus and the model parameters were estimated by maximum likelihood method.The results showed that:The L_0.5 of T.lepturus increased with the increase of mesh size,indicating that the increase of mesh size can effectively release T.lepturus.The relationship between the L_0.5 of T.lepturus and mesh size(m) was L_0.5=1.877m+45.323(R²=0.712).With the increase of mesh size,the weight escape rate and number escape rate of T.lepturus also increased,both of which were above 60%.

Preparation and fatty acids analysis of lipids from Haliotis discus hannai viscera

SU Yongchang, PAN Nan, ZHANG Bochao, WU Jingna, LIU Shuji, CHEN Xiaoting, CAI Shuilin, LIU Zhiyu

2022, 44(3):  242-248.  DOI: 10.14012/j.cnki.fjsc.2022.03.006

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To evaluate the nutritional potential of the fatty acids from Haliotis discus hannai viscera,the chemical components were analyzed.The total lipids were extracted with Soxhlet method using petroleum ether and absolute ethanol,then the fatty acid compositions and nutritional values of the lipids were analyzed.The results showed that the contents of protein and crude fat in the abalone viscera were 13.90% and 5.88%,respectively.The lipid yield of petroleum ether method and absolute ethanol method were 1.18% and 1.89%,respectively.The main constitutive fatty acids were C16∶0,C20∶5n-3(EPA),C18∶1n-9 and C20∶4n-6(ARA),with distinguished more unsaturated fatty acids content over saturated fatty acids.The n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids extracted by petroleum ether took up 18.45% of total fatty acids,which was more abundant than absolute ethanol(15.17%).The fatty acids nutritional evaluation revealed that lipids extracted by petroleum ether possessed better potential bioactivities in cardiovascular disease prevention,including blood lipid decreasing,angiomalacia,inhibitory effects of coronary heart disease and anti-thrombosis.The investigation provided theoretical basis for nutritional evaluation and high-value utilization of H.discus hannai viscera.

Preliminary analysis of tidal current dynamic characteristics in Baima Gang sea area of Sansha Bay in Fujian Province

YOU Yuanxin

2022, 44(3):  249-259.  DOI: 10.14012/j.cnki.fjsc.2022.03.007

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Using the quasi-harmonic method,this paper anchored at the six stations in Baima Gang of Sansha Bay in Fujian Province for 27 hours in April 2015 for study of the tidal current dynamic characteristics.The tidal current elliptic factors were computed,while the current type,tidal motion form and the maximum velocity and direction of fractional tide were also analyzed.It demonstrated that the tidal and current type in Sansha Bay was regular semidiurnal tide;the tidal current mainly presented in N-S reciprocating movement;the magnitude of ebb was larger than flood on the main channel,the ebb time was longer than flood;greater at the mouth and smaller at the upper station,the velocity decreased gradually from surface to bottom generally,but performed fuzzy lay phenomenon and circulation structure;the long axis meant value of M₂ component tide was between 47~64 cm/s,greater at the mouth and the upper of Baima Gang.

Study on distribution of sulfide in surface sediments in cage farming of Zhanghu reservoir bay,Shuikou reservoir,Fujian

JIANG Yixiong, ZOU Lizhen, ZENG Tao, CUI Lifeng, LING Weizhuan

2022, 44(3):  260-265.  DOI: 10.14012/j.cnki.fjsc.2022.03.008

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In order to understand the impact of sulfide at feeding cage farming area in reservoir,the spatial distribution,seasonal change and pollution assessment of sulfide in the surface sediments at cage farming area of Zhanghu reservoir bay in Shuikou reservoir were studied.The results indicated that the sulfide concentrations ranged from 0.573 5~2.364 2 μmol·g^-1,which was approaching the strength of open lakes and rivers.Compared with the properties of sulfide contents from inside and outside the cage area,the previous one was relatively high,and the multiple of difference varied from 1.67 to 2.95 between summer and winter,which were higher than those from 1.34 to 1.83,the results showed that cage culture activities had a certain impact on the accumulation of sediment sulfide.It was found that the seasonal variation of sulfide were in the order of summer>spring>autumn>winter,which showed that the change law was related to cage culture activities.The background value of sulfide content was high in Min River basin,indicating that the accumulation of sulfide in the sediments was more affected by the external non-point source pollution.

Characteristics of phytoplankton and its Pearson correlation with environmental factors in Pingtan inshore sea area,Fujian Province from spring to summer

ZOU Shuangyan

2022, 44(3):  266-274.  DOI: 10.14012/j.cnki.fjsc.2022.03.009

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According to the monitoring of phytoplankton samples including red tide organisms in Pingtan inshore sea area from April(spring) to June(summer) in 2021,the ecological characteristics of phytoplankton and the Pearson correlation with environmental factors were analysed,in order to explore the changes of red tide organisms in Pingtan inshore sea area. The results showed that a total of 130 phytoplankton species in 4 phyla were identified,which was dominated by diatoms. Species quantity of phytoplankton was in the order of June>May>April. The 13 main dominant species were Skeletonema costatum,Pseudo-nitzschia delicatissima,Chaetoceros curvisetus,Leptocylindrus danicus,Melosira sulcata,Prorocentrum donghaiense,etc. The peak value of phytoplankton cell density was in June. The density ranges from 2.17×10⁴ to 2.11×10⁵ cells/L at different stations,with an average of(6.04~9.85)×10⁴ cells/L. The overall evaluation was in the middle level with the highest level at CCPT04 station in Liushui sea area and the lowest at CCPT02 in Su’ao sea area. According to the Pearson correlation analysis,water temperature,pH and salinity were main factors affecting the phytoplankton community. Red tide disaster prevention should be strengthened in the period of high occurrence of red tide.

Preliminary study on transplantation of Tubastraea coccinea in Tong’an Bay,Xiamen

ZHAO Dongbo, YANG Shunliang, JI Houde

2022, 44(3):  275-283.  DOI: 10.14012/j.cnki.fjsc.2022.03.010

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From October 2012 to February 2014,we carried out the transplant experiment of Tubastraea coccinea in Tong’an Bay,Xiamen.After collecting 11 stony coral samples from Taishan Islands sea area in Fuding,we had monthly observations of coral survival,morphology,growth and the ecological factors including water temperature,salinity,turbidity etc,and analyzed the relationship between coral growth,survival and ecological factors by temperature,salt depth turbidity profiler and Vernier calipers as well as other tools.The results showed that,during the observation period,the sea water temperature was 15.27~30.11℃,the salinity was 21.98~30.35,and the turbidity was 2.91~50.31 FTU;the changes of water temperature and turbidity did not cause coral bleaching and death;due to the increase of the amount of water in the sea during storm,the salinity was decreased significantly,and when the salinity dropped below 28,the coral began to turn white,and after a period of time,the coral was severely white and then died.During the transplantation experiments,Tubastraea coccinea had an average growth rate of about 8.2 mm/a.In addition,due to the enrichment of attached marine organisms in Tong’an Bay,the transplanted coral samples were attached to a large number of algae,shellfish and other organisms which inhibited coral growth and seriously caused coral death.In summary,the experimental results showed that,mainly due to the salinity and attachment of biological organisms,Tubastraea coccinea couldn’t survive and grow in Tong’an Bay sea area.

Discussion on the test of growth performance of new fish varieties(strains)

ZHONG Guolong

2022, 44(3):  284-293.  DOI: 10.14012/j.cnki.fjsc.2022.03.011

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Growth performance is an important character in the breeding of new varieties(strains) of fish,and the factors that affect the growth performance of cultured fish mainly include gene,environment aquaculture activities and human interference.From 1996 to 2021,120 fish breeding varieties were identified in China.but some of them were not applied to commercial.production due to the lack of a relatively unified evaluation standard or specification for testing technology.In this paper,the identification and testing technology status of new varieties(strains) of cultured fish were systematically introduced;the main influencing factors in growth performance test and evaluation were analyzed,and a set of technical suggestions were put forward for establishing test base,test platform,improving test design,strengthening breeding management,reducing human interference,scientific data collection,result evaluation and judgment.It could provide feasible technical reference for the construction of new fish varieties(strains) testing ground,scientific,standardized and fair testing and evaluation of new fish varieties(strains) in China,and could also provide reference for the construction and testing of other aquaculture varieties(strains) testing ground.

Research progress in culture modes and applications of Isochrysis galbana

LI Daogui, CHEN Na, HONG Yuling, LIN Rongzhao, WU Liming, HE Yongjin

2022, 44(3):  294-300.  DOI: 10.14012/j.cnki.fjsc.2022.03.012

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Isochrysis galbana is a sustainable and renewable bio-resource and an important source of natural bioactive compounds.It can provide a wide range of high-value products,such as fucoxanthin,high-quality protein,as well as polyunsaturated fatty acids.These nutrients provide essential dietary nutrients for people and are important sources of health care,aquaculture and biofuels.However,the high cost of microalgae culture has been a limiting factor for the development of the industry.In recent years,the research on the low-cost culture modes and large-scale culture technology of I.galbana was also deepening.In this paper,the research progress on microalgae culture modes and large-scale culture of I.galbana was reviewed,and the functional value development of I.galbana in recent years was summarized,while the future application of I.galbana in functional food,aquaculture,biofuel and other fields was prospected.