Table of Content

25 August 2021, Volume 43 Issue 4

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Comparative study on sex differentially expressed genes in Trionyx sinensis

2021, 43(4):  339-356.  DOI: 10.14012/j.cnki.fjsc.2021.04.001

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In order to obtain sex-differential expression genes and explore the sex determination mechanism of Trionyx sinensis, we sequenced the transcriptome of testis and ovary of T. sinensis by RNA-seq and obtained clean data of 21 494 396 400 bp and 24 605 142 600 bp, respectively. A total of 10 145 differentially expressed genes were obtained, of which 4 034 were up-regulated in ovaries and 6 111 were down-regulated in ovaries. Through GO, KEGG and protein interaction analysis, 117 genes with sex -different expression were obtained in the study of the sex-difference of soft-shuttles. The sex-related genes such as Foxl2, Sox3, Sox7, Bmp4, Csf1, Wnk2, Mtmr4, Gsc, Mr2f2, Fgf9, Tgfβ2, Tgfβ3, Rara, Smd2, Smd3 and Smad5 were detected. The sex-related genes with high expression in males were Dmrt1, Amh, Sox30, Cct4, Cct5, Cldn11, Crem, Dhcr24, Dnaii, Dynll1, Gabarap, Herc4, Herpud2, Hexb, Hook1, Hormad1 and Smc4. At the same time Bmp4 regulated the expression of Foxl2 through Smad signaling pathway and Foxl2 gene was a marker gene for female physiological sex of T. sinensis.

Establishment and application of visual loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) for infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHHNV)

2021, 43(4):  357-365.  DOI: 10.14012/j.cnki.fjsc.2021.04.002

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Infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHHNV), as one of the main pathogens of shrimp diseases, can infect many kinds of shrimp, especially juvenile shrimp. Although the mortality rate of the disease is not high, it can cause slow growth of shrimp, resulting in huge economic losses, and seriously affect the sustainable and healthy development of shrimp farming industry. Six LAMP specific primers were designed by Primer Exploer V4 software according to the conservative sequence of IHHNV gene. And then, we had established a rapid detection method for IHHNV which was based on loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP). The sensitivity and specificity of LAMP detection method in this study were analyzed and compared with quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and PCR. The results showed that the LAMP method could complete the reaction within 60 minutes under the constant temperature of 63℃, and the positive results were visualized green, while the negative results did not change in color. The minimum detection limit of LAMP method was 10.3 copies/uL. The sensitivity of LAMP method was similar to that of qRT-PCR, which was higher than that of PCR. 50 samples ofPenaeusvannameicollected from different farms were detected by LAMP and PCR respectively. The results of the two methods wereconsistent. The results showed that the LAMP method was suitable for rapid detection of IHHNV in shrimp.

Analysis and risk assessment for the 15 kinds of major or trace elements of Sesuvium portulacastrum grown in Dongshan Bay

2021, 43(4):  366-375.  DOI: 10.14012/j.cnki.fjsc.2021.04.003

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In order to understand the pollution status of Sesuviumportulacastrum grown by seawater in Dongshan Bay, and to provide basic data for its reutilization, 15 kinds of inorganic elements such as K, Na, Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cd were detected. The result showed that Sesuviumportulacastrum was rich in mineral elements with the distribution as root >stem or leaf except Na and K. And it also seemed the contents of those elements in leave or stem with the distribution by Na>K>Mg>Ca>Fe/Mn>Zn>Cu>As> Cr/Ni>Se>Pb>Cd>Hg and the distribution in root was Na/K>Mg/Mn/Fe/Ca>Zn>Cu> Cr/Ni/Pb> As>Se>Cd> Hg. And the migration ability of Na was the strongest while the migration ability of Fe/Mn was the weakest. The Na/K ratio of stem and leaf was up to 8.58 and 3.84 respectively because of the stress on saline environment and it seemed to make S.portulacastrum tasted natural salty. Lastly, since the single factor pollution indexes were all less than 0.2, the MOE of inorganic arsenic and lead was 545 and 48 respectively, TTHQ was 0.099, Rn was 0.14 and Rc was 8.24×10-6.The populations exposed was harmless and the value for the level of the heavy metal pollution, the dietary exposure and the health risk of S.portulacastrum were relatively low.

The establishment of method for determination of BTEX by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry multiple reaction monitoring

2021, 43(4):  376-383.  DOI: 10.14012/j.cnki.fjsc.2021.04.004

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The gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) method was developed for the determination of seven kinds of BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, p-xylene, m-xylene, o-xylene and styrene) and internal standard fluorobenzene. This method used the product ion scanning mode to screen the qualitative and quantitative product ions of BTEX. Then collision energy for ion pairs was optimized to obtain high abundance and characteristic product ions. This method can be used for qualitative and quantitative analysis of BTEX more accurately because of its high sensitivity and stability. So it can be applied to the determination of BTEX residues in samples with complicate base.

Investigation of the bacterial diversity and analysis of environmental influencing factors in the Luoyuan Bay

2021, 43(4):  384-393.  DOI: 10.14012/j.cnki.fjsc.2021.04.005

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In November 2018, surface seawater samples were collected from five characteristic stations in the Luoyuan Bay, Fujian Province, and the community structure and diversity among the samples were studied and analyzed by metagenomic sequencing. The results of the OTU number and α-diversity analysis showed that the number of bacteria in the five stations ranged from large to small as the sewage outlet > the dense living area > far away from the polluted area> marine outfall > the estuary of the thermal power station outlet. The five dominant phyla in the horizontal species abundance chart of the inner phyla of the bay were Proteobacteria, Bacteroides, Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria andFirmicutes. Correlation analysis of environmental factors against the five dominant phyla showed that pH and inorganic nitrogen content were the main environmental factors affecting the distribution and diversity of microbial community in Luoyuan Bay.

Study on the change of nutrients in scallop culture area of Yangma Island, Shandong

2021, 43(4):  394-402.  DOI: 10.14012/j.cnki.fjsc.2021.04.006

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The water quality was tested in the shellfish breeding area of Yangma Island, Shandong Province, from May to November of 2017 to 2019. The changes of nutrients in recent years were analyzed, and the integrated situations of organic pollution in this area were assessed. At the same time, the potential eutrophication level of nutrients was also discussed. The results showed that the dissolved oxygen, demanding of chemical oxygen, inorganic nitrogen and phosphate in the shellfish breeding area of Yangma Island all accorded with the sea quality of the national primary standard in the past three years. The nutrient level of this sea area belonged to nitrogen-limited oligotrophication, and the comprehensive index of organic pollution showed that the water quality in this area was the primary standard. As a whole, the shellfish breeding area of Yangma Island, which was suitable for shellfish cultivation, reached the water quality of national standards, and the content of nutrients was normal.

Relationship between body length and body weight of Schizothorax biddulphi

2021, 43(4):  403-409.  DOI: 10.14012/j.cnki.fjsc.2021.04.007

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This paper aims at discussing the relationship between body length and body weight of Schizothorax biddulphi, to provide theoretical support for the rational utilization and protection of S. biddulphi. Based on the survey data of the Tarim River Basin in May 2018, we collected the body length and body weight data in the laboratory. Using forecast regressions method to fit expression of body length-weight power function, relative fatness of S. biddulphi and their impact factors were analyzed. The results were as follows: the female groups were less than male groups in body length and body weight, while the body length locus in the two populations were in fitted normal distribution, and there's no significant difference between the two groups; females were higher than males, and there's a significant difference between them; there was a significant correlation between body length, sex and condition factor (P＜0.05), while body length-weight equation of females could be described by the equations of W=0.000 023×L2.866 8 (r=0.976 8), and males could be described by the equations of W=0.000 049×L2.7013 (r=0.952 9).

The study on the deep-sea cage-culture of “Yunlong grouper”

Yong-Qiang HUANG

2021, 43(4):  410-418.  DOI: 10.14012/j.cnki.fjsc.2021.04.008

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The “Yunlong grouper”, Epinephelus moara♀× Epinephelus lanceolatus♂, were reared in the sea area under the condition of cage-culture. The initial average body weight of big size of juvenile “Yunlong grouper” was (357.00 ± 8.31) g, and the average total length was (29.95 ± 2.51) cm，the initial average body weight of small size of juvenile “Yunlong grouper” was (19.85 ± 1.23) g, and the average total length was (11.63±1.13) cm. The water temperature ranged between 14.2℃ and 29.2℃ during the experiment. The fish was feed with grouper formula feed, with 46%~48% crude protein. After 12 months of cultivation, the average body weight and total length of big size of juvenile “Yunlong grouper” reached to (1 650.22 ± 20.23) g and (44.72 ± 3.73) cm, the average body weight and total length of small size of juvenile “Yunlong grouper” reached to (480.20 ± 22.32) g and (32.41 ± 3.53) cm, and the feed coefficient was 1.22. The optimal regression equation for the body weight and total length of big size of juvenile “Yunlong grouper” was W=0.001L3.667, the optimal regression equation for the body weight and total length of small size of juvenile “Yunlong grouper” was W=0.011L3.142. The optimum water temperature for deep-sea cage-culture of “Yunlong grouper” ranged between 21.2℃ and 28.7℃。The results showed that deep-sea cage-culture can be adapted to Yunlong grouper in Fuzhou.

The effects of semi-cooked shellfish meat and fresh shellfish on the growth of Panulirus homarus

2021, 43(4):  419-425.  DOI: 10.14012/j.cnki.fjsc.2021.04.009

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The quantitative feeding method was used to study the influence difference of the bait with different characters on the growth performance of Panulirushomarus. 600 similar specifications of the same group of Panulirushomarus with body length of 9.10~9.84 cm and body weight of 50.30~62.25 g were randomly divided into two groups. Group A was fed with semi-cooked shellfish, and group B was fed with fresh shellfish. The growth test was conducted in an indoor cement pond for 120 days. Every 15 days, 50 lobsters were randomly selected from different groups to analyze the difference of specific growth rate, body length growth rate, body weight growth rate, bait conversion rate and survival rate, so as to select the best bait for culture of lobsters. The results showed that the specific growth rates of group A and group B were (0.86±0.04) % and (0.87±0.06) %, respectively, and there was no significant difference between them. The increase rate of body length in group A and group B were (49.13±0.63) % and (179.23±0.84) %, respectively. The increase rate of body weight in group A and group B were (55.58±0.71) % and (185.10±0.91) % respectively.The feed conversion rates of group A and group B were (130.55±0.45) % and (1333.32±0.52) %, respectively, and the difference was extremely significant (P<0.01). The ratio of A to B was 1∶10.21. The survival rate of group A was significantly higher than that of group B (95.67% and 90.33%, respectively) (P<0.05). The feed cost of group A was significantly lower than that of group B, which were 990.64 yuan and 1 147.59 yuan, respectively (P<0.05). Therefore, while factors such as the difficulty of obtaining bait, the survival rate of lobsters and the breeding cost were taken into consideration comprehensively, feeding semi-cooked shellfish could improve the breeding effect.

Review on the algicidal effect of bacteria on red tide related algae

2021, 43(4):  426-435.  DOI: 10.14012/j.cnki.fjsc.2021.04.010

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Due to the increasing influence of human production activities, the eutrophication of aquatic ecosystem has aggravated and the red tide closely related to eutrophication have frequently occurred andbecome a global disaster problem around the world after the period of industrial revolution. The occurrence of red tide will not only damage the marine ecosystem seriously, but also pose a great threat to aquaculture. Although high costs investment with the existing physical and chemical methods can be utilized to control red tide, they may also have negative impacts on the environment. Therefore, to find effective ways to ensure that the occurrence of red tide to be under our control and reduce its adverse effects have become an urgent task. In the previous studies, it stated that some bacteria have the function of inhibiting algae growth and even killing algae, which attracted people's attention gradually.It has shown great potential in the prevention and control of red tide. In recent years, more and more algicidal bacteria have been isolated and identified, which makes a deeper understanding of their algicidal mechanisms. In this paper, the distribution, species and mechanisms of algicidal bacteria were summarized, and the future research direction of marine algicidal bacteria in the field of red tide control was prospected, so as to provide reference and help for developing new red tide control methods.

Advances and prospects in the research of aquatic collagen for medical dressing

2021, 43(4):  436-442.  DOI: 10.14012/j.cnki.fjsc.2021.04.011

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Aquatic collagen has many advantages for the medical usage, such as the excellent biocompatibility, absorbability, cell growth promotion, and hemostasis, making it an excellent preparation raw material for medical dressings. This paper introduced several classes of medical dressings using aquatic collagen as raw materials and their healing promoting effects, discussed about the future research direction of aquatic collagen in the field of medical dressing, and provided a reference basis for subsequent in-depth research efforts.