关键词: 凡纳滨对虾, 生物絮团, 水质, 废水再利用

Abstract: Litopenaeus vannamei is the most important species of shrimp culture. Freshwater culture accounts for nearly half of the output of L.vannamei culture, and freshwater shrimp culture has become an important culture mode. Biofloc technology (BFT) is an ecological aquaculture technology based on microbial activities. It can effectively deal with the shortage of water resources and improve the nutrient cycle of aquaculture system, which is conducive to the sustainable development of aquaculture. Shrimp culture is the key field of BFT technology research and application. The research contents include the types of BFT system, nitrogen removal ways, the nutritional value and function of flocs as well as the analysis of economic factors. Freshwater culture of L. vannamei is an important part of shrimp culture, and the undrained freshwater culture model of L. vannamei is suitable for places far away from the sea. In order to explore the feasibility of floc culture technology in the desalination culture of L. vannamei, the ecological culture experiment was carried out in combination with BFT on the basis of no water change and the reuse of culture wastewater after stubble separation. This study explored the role of BFT in a culture model of L. vannamei which non drainage and wastewater reused. The results showed that compared with the control pond, BFT mode could effectively regulated the breeding water quality at different breeding stages, and the highest reduction rates of total phosphorus, active phosphate, ammonia nitrogen and inorganic nitrogen were 45.37%, 94.82%, 90.14% and 20.74%, respectively; Phytoplankton diversity increased by 17.36%-22.93%, and shrimp growth rate increased by 18.39%. Wastewater reuse breeding mode combined with BFT technology is conducive to water quality regulation and is of great significance to promote energy conservation and emission reduction in shrimp breeding industry.

Key words: Litopenaeus vannamei , biofloc technology, water quality, wastewater reuse