关键词: 海水, 水中悬浮物, 表层沉积物, 生态危害, 重金属, 安海湾, seawater, suspended particulate matter of water , surface sediments, potential ecological risk, heavy metal, Anhai Bay

Abstract: According to the data of 9 stations Fujian Anhai Bay in May and August of 2014, we analysed the content and distribution on 5 heavy metals（Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Hg ）and metalloid As in seawater, suspended particulate matter of water and surface sediment, evaluated the heavy metals pollution degree by single factor index method and potential ecological risk index. Results showed that the seawater distribution gradually reduced from the top of the bay to inner bay and bay mouth with the highest value in site AH1. Suspended particulate matter in water of Cu, Pb，Zn, As, Hg content showed highest value in site AH5，Cd content in site AH6 was highest，and decreased gradually to the surrounding sites. The content of surface sediment gradually reduced from site AH5 to inner bay and bay mouth. The content of Cu、Zn in part sites of seawater and sediment relatively high, Pb、Cd、As、Hg content are all in line with the requirements of the first class of sea water quality standard and sediments quality standards. The content in suspended particulate matter is highest , In different mediums of Anhai Bay, the content in surface sediment was the second and the last one was in seawater. It was found that the potential ecological hazard risk degree in August of suspended matter analysis was far greater than May, potential ecological risk degree in site AH5 of Anhai bay was the strongest, and the main potential ecological risk elements was Cd and Hg. According to potential ecological hazard analysis of the surface sediments, the potential ecological risk of AH1 and AH5 stations was more stronger in the bay and the main potential ecological risk elements was Cd and Hg. the waters environment of Anhai Bay has suffered heavy mental pollution of different degree, which indicated that the pollution of heavy metals was probably caused by land source pollution in Anhai Bay. This study for the gulf waters provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of ecological environment.