基于DNA条形码技术的徐闻角尾海域夏、秋季仔稚鱼鉴定研究

doi:10.14012/j.cnki.fjsc.2024.02.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用DNA条形码技术的标准COⅠ基因片段作为DNA条形码,对徐闻角尾珊瑚礁海域夏、秋季仔稚鱼进行分子鉴定,并探讨其在鱼类早期阶段物种鉴定的适用性。本研究共获得199条仔稚鱼样品COⅠ序列,其中有69个序列鉴定到种水平、110个序列鉴定到目、科、属水平。本研究共成功鉴定了32个类群,隶属6目19科20属,其中17个类群鉴定到种的水平,5个类群鉴定到属的水平,9个类群鉴定到科的水平,1个类群鉴定到目的水平,另有9个类群未能鉴定。在科级水平上,虾虎鱼科种类和数量最多,种类数占比为17.07%,数量占比为31.16%;其次为鲾科,种类数占比为7.31%,数量占比为8.04%。以上研究结果表明,依据DNA条形码技术鉴定徐闻珊瑚礁海域的仔稚鱼,鉴定到种的水平比例偏低,成鱼DNA条形码序列的缺乏是一个重要因素。因此,亟需构建本海域分布的鱼类DNA条形码数据库,并结合传统形态学方法,以便更加准确地鉴定仔稚鱼物种。

关键词: 仔稚鱼, DNA条形码, 物种鉴定, 珊瑚礁, 徐闻

Abstract:

In this study, COⅠgene fragments were used as DNA barcodes for the molecular identification in fish larvae and juvenile from Xuwen Jiaowei coral reef sea areas in summer and autumn of 2018—2020, and its applicability to the identification in the early stages of fish was investigated. A total of 199 high quality COⅠsequences of fish larvae and juvenile were obtained, among them, 69 sequences matching to species were identified to the species level, and 110 sequences were identified to the genus, family and order level. In all, 32 taxa of 20 genera in 6 orders and 19 families were successfully identified. Among them, 17 taxa were identified to the species level, 5 taxa to the genus level, 9 taxa to the family level, 1 taxa to the order level, and another 9 taxa were not identified. Gobiidae had the most species and quantity in family level, accounting for 17.07% and 31.16%, respectively, followed by Leiognathidae with 7.31% and 8.04%, respectively. The present study indicated that the proportion of species identification based on DNA barcoding for fish larvae and juvenile in the Xuwen coral reef sea area was relatively low, and the gap of DNA barcode sequences for adult fish species was an important factor. Therefore, it was necessary to develop a reliable DNA barcode database for local adult fish. Combined traditional morphological and molecular method might improve the accuracy in identifying fish larvae and juvenile.

Key words: fish larvae and juvenile, DNA barcoding, species identification, coral reef, Xuwen

中图分类号:

S931

王思进, 王锦润, 陈妍颖, 侯刚. 基于DNA条形码技术的徐闻角尾海域夏、秋季仔稚鱼鉴定研究[J]. 渔业研究, 2024, 46(2): 171-180.

WANG Sijin, WANG Jinrun, CHEN Yanying, HOU Gang. Identification of fish larvae and juvenile by DNA barcoding in Xuwen Jiaowei sea area,Guangdong Province[J]. Journal of Fisheries Research, 2024, 46(2): 171-180.

图/表 4

参考文献 33

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采样时间 Sampling time	站位 Stations	经纬度 Latitude and longitude	水深/m Depth
2018-10-27—10-28	S4、S5	N 20°11'~20°13' E 109°59'~110°00'	10~15
2019-08-27—08-28	S1-S5	N 20°11'~20°15' E 109°56'~110°00'	4~15
2019-09-14	S1-S5		4~15
2020-08-04	S1-S5		4~15
2020-09-28	S1-S5		4~15

采样时间 Sampling time	站位 Stations	经纬度 Latitude and longitude	水深/m Depth
2018-10-27—10-28	S4、S5	N 20°11'~20°13' E 109°59'~110°00'	10~15
2019-08-27—08-28	S1-S5	N 20°11'~20°15' E 109°56'~110°00'	4~15
2019-09-14	S1-S5		4~15
2020-08-04	S1-S5		4~15
2020-09-28	S1-S5		4~15

目 Order	科 Family	属 Genus	种/类群 Species /taxa		样品量 Samples		年份Year
目 Order	科 Family	属 Genus	种/类群 Species /taxa		样品量 Samples		2018		2019		2020
鲱形目 Clupeiformes	鳀科 Engraulidae	侧带小公鱼属 Stolephorus	侧带小公鱼属sp. Stolephorus sp.		4		3		1
			鲱形目sp. Clupeiformes sp.		7				7
鲻形目 Mugiliformes	鲻科 Mugilidae		鲻科sp. Mugilidae sp.		2						2
银汉鱼目 Atheriniformes	银汉鱼科 Atherinidae	下银汉鱼属 Hypoatherina	凡氏下银汉鱼 H.valenciennei		1				1
鲉形目 Scorpaeniformes	鲬科 Platycephalidae	瞳鲬属 Inegocia	日本瞳鲬 I.japonica		7				6		1
			鲬科sp. Platycephalidae sp.		1		1
鲈形目 Perciformes	鮨科 Serranidae	九棘鲈属 Cephalopholis	横纹九棘鲈 C.boenak		2				2
	鱚科 Sillaginidae	鱚属 Sillago	多鳞鱚 S.sihama		2		1		1
	鲹科 Carangidae	副叶鲹属 Alepes	副叶鲹属sp. Alepes sp.		1		1
	鲾科 Leiognathidae	仰口鲾属 Deveximentum	大鳞仰口鲾 D.megalolepis		1				1
			鲾科sp.1 Leiognathidae sp.1		13				13
			鲾科sp.2 Leiognathidae sp.2		2		1		1
	银鲈科 Gerreidae	银鲈属 Gerres	长棘银鲈 G.filamentosus		1				1
			缘边银鲈 G.limbatus		1		1
	石鲈科 Pomadasyidae	少棘胡椒鲷属 Diagramma	少棘胡椒鲷属sp. Diagramma sp.		30				30
	鲷科 Sparidae	鲷属 Sparus	金头鲷 S.aurata		10		8		2
	石首鱼科 Sciaenidae	黄姑鱼属 Nibea	黄姑鱼 N.albiflora		3		3
		叫姑鱼属 Johnius	叫姑鱼属sp. Johnius sp.		1		1
	鯻科 Theraponidae		鯻科sp. Theraponidae sp.		4		4
	鳚科 Blenniidae	肩鳃鳚属 Omobranchus	斑点肩鳃鳚 O.punctatus		1		1
	䲗科 Callionymidae	䲗属 Callionymus	弯棘䲗 C.curvicornis		9		9
	塘鳢科 Eleotridae	嵴塘鳢属 Butis	锯嵴塘鳢 B.koilomatodon		7		7
	虾虎鱼科 Gobiidae	细棘虾虎鱼属 Acentrogobius	犬牙细棘虾虎鱼 A.caninus		3		2		1
			头纹细棘虾虎鱼 A.viganensis		13				13
		颊沟虾虎鱼属 Aulopareia	单色颊沟虾虎鱼 A.unicolor		2		2
		缟虾虎鱼属 Tridentiger	裸项缟虾虎鱼 T.nudicervicus		1		1
		舌虾虎鱼属 Glossogobius	舌虾虎鱼属sp. Glossogobius sp.		2		2
			虾虎鱼科sp.1 Gobiidae sp.1		20		20
			虾虎鱼科sp.2 Gobiidae sp.2		21		21
	带鱼科 Trichiuridae		带鱼科sp. Trichiuridae sp.		1						1
鲽形目 Pleuronectiformes	舌鳎科 Cynoglossidae	须鳎属 Paraplagusia	日本须鳎 P.bilineata		5		5
			舌鳎科sp. Cynoglossidae sp.		1		1
合计Total				179		95		80		4

目 Order	科 Family	属 Genus	种/类群 Species /taxa		样品量 Samples		年份Year
目 Order	科 Family	属 Genus	种/类群 Species /taxa		样品量 Samples		2018		2019		2020
鲱形目 Clupeiformes	鳀科 Engraulidae	侧带小公鱼属 Stolephorus	侧带小公鱼属sp. Stolephorus sp.		4		3		1
			鲱形目sp. Clupeiformes sp.		7				7
鲻形目 Mugiliformes	鲻科 Mugilidae		鲻科sp. Mugilidae sp.		2						2
银汉鱼目 Atheriniformes	银汉鱼科 Atherinidae	下银汉鱼属 Hypoatherina	凡氏下银汉鱼 H.valenciennei		1				1
鲉形目 Scorpaeniformes	鲬科 Platycephalidae	瞳鲬属 Inegocia	日本瞳鲬 I.japonica		7				6		1
			鲬科sp. Platycephalidae sp.		1		1
鲈形目 Perciformes	鮨科 Serranidae	九棘鲈属 Cephalopholis	横纹九棘鲈 C.boenak		2				2
	鱚科 Sillaginidae	鱚属 Sillago	多鳞鱚 S.sihama		2		1		1
	鲹科 Carangidae	副叶鲹属 Alepes	副叶鲹属sp. Alepes sp.		1		1
	鲾科 Leiognathidae	仰口鲾属 Deveximentum	大鳞仰口鲾 D.megalolepis		1				1
			鲾科sp.1 Leiognathidae sp.1		13				13
			鲾科sp.2 Leiognathidae sp.2		2		1		1
	银鲈科 Gerreidae	银鲈属 Gerres	长棘银鲈 G.filamentosus		1				1
			缘边银鲈 G.limbatus		1		1
	石鲈科 Pomadasyidae	少棘胡椒鲷属 Diagramma	少棘胡椒鲷属sp. Diagramma sp.		30				30
	鲷科 Sparidae	鲷属 Sparus	金头鲷 S.aurata		10		8		2
	石首鱼科 Sciaenidae	黄姑鱼属 Nibea	黄姑鱼 N.albiflora		3		3
		叫姑鱼属 Johnius	叫姑鱼属sp. Johnius sp.		1		1
	鯻科 Theraponidae		鯻科sp. Theraponidae sp.		4		4
	鳚科 Blenniidae	肩鳃鳚属 Omobranchus	斑点肩鳃鳚 O.punctatus		1		1
	䲗科 Callionymidae	䲗属 Callionymus	弯棘䲗 C.curvicornis		9		9
	塘鳢科 Eleotridae	嵴塘鳢属 Butis	锯嵴塘鳢 B.koilomatodon		7		7
	虾虎鱼科 Gobiidae	细棘虾虎鱼属 Acentrogobius	犬牙细棘虾虎鱼 A.caninus		3		2		1
			头纹细棘虾虎鱼 A.viganensis		13				13
		颊沟虾虎鱼属 Aulopareia	单色颊沟虾虎鱼 A.unicolor		2		2
		缟虾虎鱼属 Tridentiger	裸项缟虾虎鱼 T.nudicervicus		1		1
		舌虾虎鱼属 Glossogobius	舌虾虎鱼属sp. Glossogobius sp.		2		2
			虾虎鱼科sp.1 Gobiidae sp.1		20		20
			虾虎鱼科sp.2 Gobiidae sp.2		21		21
	带鱼科 Trichiuridae		带鱼科sp. Trichiuridae sp.		1						1
鲽形目 Pleuronectiformes	舌鳎科 Cynoglossidae	须鳎属 Paraplagusia	日本须鳎 P.bilineata		5		5
			舌鳎科sp. Cynoglossidae sp.		1		1
合计Total				179		95		80		4