绿鳍马面鲀早繁生殖调控期间亲鱼性腺发育的组织学观察

doi:10.14012/j.cnki.fjsc.2024.01.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了解绿鳍马面鲀(Thamnaconus modestus)早繁生殖调控期间亲鱼性腺的发育规律和繁殖特征,从2021 年11 月至2022 年3月,连续采集绿鳍马面鲀亲鱼5次,每次雌雄各3尾,共计30尾;每次采样测定绿鳍马面鲀亲鱼全长、体质量、肝胰腺指数、性腺指数,同时采用石蜡包埋切片和苏木精-伊红染色法观察其性腺发育情况。结果表明,在人工控温条件下,绿鳍马面鲀雌、雄亲鱼在2月时性腺质量和性腺指数均达到最大值,进入性成熟高峰期,且显著高于其他月份(P<0.05)。绿鳍马面鲀的产卵类型为非同步发育的分批产卵型,雌性生殖细胞的发育分为核仁外周期、卵黄囊泡期、初级卵黄球期、次级卵黄球期、三级卵黄球期和成熟期6个时期;雄性生殖细胞的发育则分为精原细胞、初级精母细胞、次级精母细胞、精子细胞和精子5个时期。综上,本文阐明了绿鳍马面鲀性腺在不同发育时期的形态特征、组织结构和发育规律,不仅丰富了其繁殖生物学基础资料,也为其人工繁育和苗种生产提供科学依据。

关键词: 绿鳍马面鲀, 性腺发育, 卵巢, 精巢, 组织学

Abstract:

This study aimed to understand the gonadal development and reproductive characteristics of the black scraper (T.modestus) before and after spawning.From November 2021 to March 2022,the parent fish were collected for five times,with three males and three females at each time.The total length,body weight,hepatopancreas index and gonadosomatic index were measured every time.At the same time,paraffin-embedded sections and hematoxylin-eosin staining were used to observe the gonadal development.The results showed that under artificial temperature control,the gonad weight and gonadosomatic index of the female and male parental T.modestus reached the maximum in February,and entered the peak period of sexual maturity,which was significantly higher than that in other months (P<0.05),suggesting that the parent fish reached the peak of maturity in February under the condition of artificially controlled water temperature.The spawning type of T.modestus was asynchronous and batch spawning,and the ovarian development of T.modestus could be divided into six phases,which was peri-nucleolus,yolk vesicle,primary yolk,secondary yolk,teritary yolk,and ripe stage,respectively.The testis development of T.odestus could be divided into five phases,which was spermatogonium,primary spermatocyte,secondary spermatocyte,spermatid and spermatozoa,respectively.In conclusion,this study investigated the morphological characteristics,organizational structure and developmental rules at different gonadal development stages of T.modestus,which may enrich the basic data of reproductive biology and provide scientific basis for artificial breeding and seed production of T.modestus.

Key words: Thamnaconus modestus, gonadal development, ovary, testis, histology

中图分类号:

S967.4

毛欣童, 刘立明, 王九龙, 刘琰, 吴艳庆, 姜宏利, 徐文刚. 绿鳍马面鲀早繁生殖调控期间亲鱼性腺发育的组织学观察[J]. 渔业研究, 2024, 46(1): 11-18.

MAO Xintong, LIU Liming, WANG Jiulong, LIU Yan, WU Yanqing, JIANG Hongli, XU Wengang. Histological observation on the gonadal development of the parental Thamnaconus modestus during early reproductive regulation[J]. Journal of Fisheries Research, 2024, 46(1): 11-18.

图/表 4

图1 试验期间绿鳍马面鲀亲鱼培育池水温的变化

Fig.1 Changes in the water temperature of the culture pond in parental T. modestus during the experiment

表1 绿鳍马面鲀亲鱼生长指标的变化

Tab.1 Changes in the growth index of the parental T.modestus

性别 Gender	取样日期 Sampling date	全长/cm Total length	体质量/g Body weight	性腺重量/g Gonadal weight
雌性 Female	2021-11-29	29.57±3.50	397.00±190.40	7.23±4.99^a	1.60±0.49^a	50.47±3.45	12.18±1.87
	2021-12-21	31.83±1.70	590.00±106.30	11.70±1.64^a	2.07±0.57^a	78.24±6.56	13.26±2.25
	2022-01-10	30.43±0.49	516.00±54.37	26.54±12.49^a	4.90±0.06^a	85.08±13.11	16.47±2.41
	2022-02-25	32.10±1.51	600.00±96.26	60.31±16.52^b	10.30±3.29^b	74.60±4.78	12.30±3.29
	2022-03-10	33.10±1.41	516.00±77.60	22.21±5.72^a	4.40±1.23^a	64.25±3.61	12.50±0.42
雄性 Male	2021-11-29	28.07±5.66	399.00±310.6	1.90±1.55^a	0.43±0.17^a	48.57±2.48	10.01±3.34
	2021-12-21	29.00±5.87	416.00±211.90	3.27±2.22^a	0.62±0.33^a	61.25±2.37	14.66±0.95
	2022-01-10	29.67±0.85	410.00±64.81	6.78±2.51^a	1.23±0.95^a	56.12±4.46	13.66±3.68
	2022-02-25	29.50±0.82	396.67±33.00	14.77±2.79^b	3.80±0.98^b	51.03±3.38	12.87±0.25
	2022-03-10	34.00±3.67	393.00±87.31	12.13±6.26^ab	2.97±1.52^ab	52.53±0.82	14.04±3.15

图2 绿鳍马面鲀卵巢在不同发育时期的组织学观察注:A.核仁外周期(Pn); B.卵黄囊泡期(Yv); C.初级卵黄球期(Py); D.次级卵黄球期(Sy); E.三级卵黄球期(Ty); F.成熟期(Ri)。

Fig.2 Histological observation of the ovaries at different developmental stages of T. modestus Notes:A.Perinucleolus (Pn); B. Yolk vesicle (Yv); C. Primary yolk (Py); D. Secondary yolk (Sy); E.Teritary yolk stage (Ty); F.Ripe (Ri).

图3 绿鳍马面鲀精巢在不同发育时期的组织学观察注:a.精原细胞(Sg);b.初级精母细胞(Ps); c.次级精母细胞(Ss); d.精子细胞(St); e.精子(Sz)。

Fig.3 Histological observation of the testis at different developmental stages of T. modestus Notes:a.Spermatogonium (Sg); b. Primary spermatocyte (Ps); c.Secondary spermatocyte (Ss); d.Spermatid (St); e.Spermatozoon (Sz).

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