类胡萝卜素对中华锯齿米虾体色的影响

doi:10.14012/j.cnki.fjsc.2024.01.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了探究类胡萝卜素对红色、黄色和蓝色3个品系中华锯齿米虾(Neocaridina denticulata sinensis)体色的影响,本实验先通过薄层色谱分析3个品系中华锯齿米虾主要的色素成分,再根据其结果,分别在光照和黑暗条件下进行类胡萝卜素(螺旋藻粉、叶黄素、天然虾青素和人工合成虾青素)对3个品系中华锯齿米虾体色影响的投喂实验。结果表明,红色、黄色、蓝色3个品系中华锯齿米虾的色素物质均含有β-胡萝卜素和虾青素,蓝色品系中华锯齿米虾的色素物质可能含有甲壳蓝蛋白与虾青素的结合物。在光照条件下,天然虾青素对黄色和蓝色2个品系中华锯齿米虾体色的促进效果最明显。在黑暗条件下,叶黄素、天然虾青素和人工合成虾青素对红色和黄色2个品系中华锯齿米虾的体色具有促进和维持效果;4种类胡萝卜素添加剂对蓝色品系中华锯齿米虾的体色均不具有维持效果。本研究结果为提升工厂化养殖中华锯齿米虾体色提供了理论依据。

关键词: 中华锯齿米虾, 类胡萝卜素, β-胡萝卜素, 虾青素, 甲壳蓝蛋白

Abstract:

To study the effect of carotenoids on the body color of red,yellow and blue strains of N.denticulata sinensis,this study used TLC (thin-layer chromatography) to analyze the main pigment compositions of 3 strains of N.denticulata sinensis.According to the results,the effects of carotenoids on the body color of 3 strains of N.denticulata sinensis were tested.The TLC analysis was used to separate the dermis and extract the pigment of 3 strains of N.denticulata sinensis.The feeding trials were conducted in light and dark,while 300 shrimps from each strain were divided into thirty groups,with three replicates in each group.The control group was fed with basic feed,while the other four groups were fed with basic feed added Spirulina,lutein,natural-astaxanthin and artificial-astaxanthin.The results showed that the pigment substances of red,yellow,and blue strains of N.denticulata sinensis contained β-carotene and astaxanthin;the pigment substances of blue N.denticulata sinensis contained a combination of crustacyanin and astaxanthin.The feeding trials showed that in yellow strain and blue strain,natural-astaxanthin had the most obvious effect on the body color promotion.Under the dark condition,lutein,natural-astaxanthin and artificial-astaxanthin had certain promotion and maintenance effects on the body color of red strain and yellow strain.The four carotenoid additives had no effect on the body color in blue strain.This study provided a theoretical basis for improving body color of N.denticulata sinensis.

Key words: Neocaridina denticulata sinensis, carotene, β-carotene, astaxanthin, crustacyanin

中图分类号:

S968.22

张元长. 类胡萝卜素对中华锯齿米虾体色的影响[J]. 渔业研究, 2024, 46(1): 38-48.

ZHANG Yuanchang. The effect of carotenoids on the body color of Neocaridina denticulata sinensis[J]. Journal of Fisheries Research, 2024, 46(1): 38-48.

图/表 8

图1 中华锯齿米虾色素成分的薄层色谱结果注:Y.黄色品系;R.红色品系;B.蓝色品系;C.β-胡萝卜素(标准品);A.虾青素(标准品)。自下而上第一个点为起始点。

Fig.1 TLC results of cytochrome component of N. denticulata sinensis Notes:Y.The yellow strain;R.The red strain;B.The blue strain;C.β-carotene (standard);A.Astaxanthin(standard).The first point from bottom to top was the starting point.

图2 光照条件下色素添加剂对红色品系中华锯齿米虾体色的影响注:不同字母表示差异显著(P<0.05),相同字母无差异。以下同此。

Fig.2 Effect of pigment additives on the body color of the red strain of N. denticulata sinensis under light condition Notes:Groups with different letters showed significant difference (P<0.05);groups with the same letter showed no difference.The same as below.

图3 光照条件下色素添加剂对黄色品系中华锯齿米虾体色的影响

Fig.3 Effect of pigment additives on the body color of the yellow strain of N. denticulata sinensis under light condition

图4 光照条件下色素添加剂对蓝色品系中华锯齿米虾体色的影响

Fig.4 Effect of pigment additives on the body color of the blue strain of N. denticulata sinensis under light condition

图5 黑暗条件下色素添加剂对红色品系中华锯齿米虾体色的影响

Fig.5 Effect of pigment additives on the body color of the red strain of N. denticulata sinensis under dark condition

图6 黑暗条件下色素添加剂对黄色品系中华锯齿米虾体色的影响

Fig.6 Effect of pigment additives on the body color of the yellow strain of N. denticulata sinensis under dark condition

图7 黑暗条件下色素添加剂对蓝色品系中华锯齿米虾体色的影响

Fig.7 Effect of pigment additives on the body color of the blue strain of N. denticulata sinensis under dark condition

图8 实验结束后对照组中华锯齿米虾体色色素在不同条件下的状态注:A.红色品系;B.黄色品系;C.蓝色品系;1.光照条件;2.黑暗条件。

Fig.8 After the experiment, the status of the pigment in the control group of N. denticulata sinensis under different conditions Notes:A.The red strain;B.The yellow strain;C.The blue strain;1.Under light condition;2.Under dark condition.

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