关键词: 福建南部近海, 大型底栖动物, 群落特征

Abstract: Macrobenthos are benthic ecological groups that live on the bottom or surface of Marine sediments. As an important part of marine ecosystem, macrobenthos usually have weak locomotion ability and are widely used to indicate the quality of their dwelling environment. It is of great value to study the community structure characteristics and diversity index of macrobenthos for the protection of marine environment and biodiversity resources. In order to study the community characteristic of macrobenthos in coastal area of southern Fujian Province, the investigation and sampling of macrobenthos were conducted in summer 2018. The species composition, density, biomass, biodiversity, community structure and Abundance/Biomass Curves of the macrobenthos were calculated and analyzed. The results showed that 126 species in 11 phyla were collected in the survey, most of them were annelids, followed by arachnids and mollusks. The dominant species were Prionospio malmgreni, Scalibregma inflatum and Aglaophamus dibranchis. The density and biomass distribution were very uneven, the mean values were (374±322) ind/m2 and (12.97±23.16) g/m2, respectively. Evenness index, richness and diversity index were at a high level. There was a significant negative correlation between the number of species at each station and pH, salinity, and a significant positive correlation between the number of species at each station and total nitrogen. The richness index was negatively correlated with pH and salinity, and positively correlated with total nitrogen. There was a significant negative correlation between density and salinity. There was a significant negative correlation between biomass and pH, salinity, and an extremely significant positive correlation between biomass and chlorophyll-a. Macrobenthic communities could be divided into four groups. In this study, there was a lack of characteristic species with large body size, and polychaetes with small body size were dominant spieces. ABC analysis showed that the community structure of macrobenthos was stable. Compared with historical data, the density, diversity and richness of macrobenthos in the coastal area of southern Fujian were higher than those in the northern Fujian, and the biomass and evenness were in the same level. The community structure of macrobenthos in the coastal area of southern Fujian was also more complex and the biodiversity was higher.

Key words: coastal area of southern Fujian Province, macrobenthos, community characteristics