Objective This study aims to explore the direction of total allowable catch (TAC) management in China, enhance the effectiveness of China’s TAC system and realize the sustainable development of China’s marine fisheries by drawing lessons from South Korea’s experience and practices. Progress The initial stage of China’s TAC management faces challenges such as overly high quotas and inadequate regulatory oversight. To address these issues, this paper conducts a comparative analysis with South Korea, a country with a similar fishery context. It expounds the necessity of implementing the TAC system in China under the current situation, examines the implementation status of TAC systems in both countries, and delves into the development histories, implementation processes, and identifies key experiences and shortcomings of South Korea’s TAC system.

Conclusion Drawing on insights and lessons from South Korea, this study proposes recommendations for enhancing TAC management in China to effectively solve the existing problems in the initial stage of TAC in China, and avoid new problems caused by system loopholes. Suggestions include establishing a comprehensive legal and regulatory framework for TAC, implementing long-term fishery resource monitoring, instituting rigorous TAC monitoring mechanisms, and enhancing public awareness, education, and training on TAC systems. These measures aim to facilitate the effective implementation of TAC in China and foster high-quality development in the fisheries sector.