Abstract: Six voyage investigations were conducted for macrozoobenthos in Luoyuan Bay in summer during 2010-2017. A total of 156 species of macrozoobenthos were identified,including 71 species of Polychaetes,37 species of Crustaceans,20 species of Mollusks,10 species of Echinoderms,and 18 other species. The annual changes in biome structure were significantly correlated with the overall retreat behavior. The number of species before the retreat (2010-2013) showed a significant downward trend. After the completion of the retreat of mariculture (2016-2017),the number of species increased significantly. The annual total abundance and total biomass showed a trend of significant annual growth contrasting retreat before with after retreat,and the annual trend of the dominant group of Polychaetes was the same,while the trend of Mollusks in one of the main groups was opposite. On the whole,the three diversity indices all showed a general change process of gradually decreasing and then rising and stabilizing as the inflection point before and after the retreat of mariculture. The diversity change was obviously related to the environmental change before and after the retreat of mariculture. The application analysis of ABC curve indicated that the benthic community before the rearing was moderately disturbed by pollution,while the benthic community after the rearing was not disturbed by pollution. The structure change of benthic community in Luoyuan Bay responded significantly to the retiring behavior of the mariculture.