Abstract: The composition and distribution of fish was investigated at 4 sections sampling in Chongyang river during October of 2007 to February of 2012. The results showed that a total of 75 fish species were collected,belonging to 5 orders, 16 families, 54 genera. Cypriniformes constitutes the dominant component of species composition, and is consist of 4 families, 39 genera and 51 species, accounting for 68% of the total species,Siluriformes rank is the second including 4 families, 6 genera and 11 species, accounting for 14.7% of the total species. According to the family of statistics，Cyprinidae consists of 40 species ana is the most common species, accounting for 53.3% of the total species, Bagridae is the second common species, consisting of 7 species, accounted for 9.3% of the total species. The species composition collected from 4 sections is almostthe same，but the main species composition that the ratio of single species ot Iish to the total catch in weight in this river is greater than 5% are different obviously. The average daily catch of fish for single ship or bamboo rafts in 4 sections is different，the highest is Huiyao section，and the lowest is Lushang section. Individual fish caught in size and age tends to be miniaturization and young.