Abstract: In this paper, the temperature tolerance of red tilapia was studied at 20 ℃ as the initial temperature with gradually change of water temperature (increasing or decreasing 1 ℃ everyday, at the rate of 0.5 ℃ per 12hours ), and the suddenly increase (2 ℃, 4 ℃, 6 ℃, 8 ℃, 10 ℃, 12 ℃, 14 ℃, 16 ℃, 18 ℃, 20 ℃),and suddenly decrease ( 2 ℃, 4 ℃, 6 ℃, 8 ℃, 10 ℃, 12 ℃) ,respectively. In gradually increasing and decreasing water temperature experiments ,the results showed that the adaptation temperature of red tilapia was in the range from 8℃ to 40 ℃, and the critical survival temperature was from 14℃ to 36 ℃ .The death temperature , the lethal temperature, the critical lethal temperature and the fatal high temperature were 7.82 ± 0.21 ℃, 5.67 ± 0.16 ℃,38.36 ± 0.21 ℃,39.83 ± 0.15 ℃, ,respectively. With suddenly change of water temperature, the results showed that red tilapia was able to adapt the high temperature which it was able to adapt the suddenly increase change of 16 ℃(20℃→36℃), and only adapt the suddenly decrease change of 8 ℃(20℃→12℃) .