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    大黄鱼选育子代F3肌肉营养分析

    Nutritional analysis of F3 muscles in the breeding of Larimichthys crocea offspring

      摘要
    • 摘要:
      目的 探究选育对大黄鱼肌肉营养的影响。
      方法 取大黄鱼选育子代F3和同期同一环境养殖的未经选育的对照组进行肌肉粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、水分和灰分含量，以及氨基酸组成和脂肪酸组成对比分析。
      结果 大黄鱼选育子代F3肌肉中的粗蛋白质含量（16.77%±0.33%）高于对照组，粗脂肪含量（12.23%±0.12%）和水分含量（69.13%±0.69%）均低于对照组，但差异不显著（P>0.05）；肌肉中所含的氨基酸总量（TAA）和鲜味氨基酸（DAA）均显著高于对照组（P<0.05），必需氨基酸指数（EAAI）达84.71±0.86，与对照组基本保持一致；肌肉中所含的多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）为27.63%±0.63%，高度不饱和脂肪酸（HUFA）为12.79%±0.50%，∑n-3PUFA含量（13.21%±0.44%）和EPA+DHA含量（11.70%±0.49%）均显著高于对照组（P<0.05），但∑n-6PUFA的含量（13.82%±0.95%）显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。
      结论 开展大黄鱼复合体型修长、体色金黄和生长速度快的多性状良种选育，能提高大黄鱼肌肉中TAA、DAA、PUFA、HUFA、∑n-3PUFA和EPA+DHA的含量，改善大黄鱼品质。

       

      Abstract:
      Objective This study aims to explore the impact of selective breeding on the nutritional quality of the muscles of Larimichthys crocea.
      Methods A comparative analysis was conducted on the crude protein, crude fat, moisture, ash, amino acid composition, and fatty acid composition of muscles between the selectively bred F3 generation of L. crocea and the non-selected control group cultured under identical environmental conditions during the same period.
      Results The results demonstrated that the crude protein content in the muscles of the selected F3-generation L. crocea was 16.80%±0.33%, which was higher than that of the control group. In contrast, the crude fat content (12.20%±0.12%) and moisture content (69.10%±0.69%) were lower, though these differences were not statistically significant (P>0.05). The content of total amino acid (TAA) and the content of delicious amino acids (DAA) in the muscles were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.05). The essential amino acid index (EAAI) reached 84.71%±0.86%, which was higher than that of the control group, but the difference was not significant (P>0.05). The content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in the muscle was 27.63%±0.63%, the content of highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) was 12.79%±0.50%, the content of ∑n-3PUFA was 13.21%±0.44%, and the content of EPA+DHA was 11.70%±0.49%, all of which were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.05). The content of ∑n-6PUFA was 13.82%±0.95%, which was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05).
      Conclusion Improvement in the quality of L. crocea by carrying out population selection of L. crocea for the composite multiple traits of body size, body colour and fast growth rate increased TAA, DAA, PUFA, HUFA, ∑n-3PUFA and EPA+DHA contents in the muscles.

       

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