Abstract: To further enhance the ecological and efficient aquaculture practices in mountain ponds, increase the output and quality of aquaculture products, extend the high-efficiency service life of mountain ponds, and mitigate the pollution of the external environment resulting from aquaculture activities, this study collected water and sediment samples from mountain ponds at regular intervals. Physicochemical indices of these samples were analyzed to ascertain their periodic changes, and the sediment pollutant production coefficient was calculated. Results revealed a gradual progression towards eutrophication in water quality from April to July, coinciding with the advancement of aquaculture activities. From August to September was emerged as the optimal growth period for seedlings, was marked by a peak in feed consumption and a subsequent sharp decline in water quality. However, after October, concurrent with environmental climate fluctuations, water quality exhibited improvement. The variation trends of indices in sediment mirrored those in water quality, all showing incremental increases with the progression of aquaculture, with the highest sediment production occurring between July and September. The total sediment pollutant production coefficient throughout the aquaculture process was calculated to be 25395.22 g/m².