Abstract: Based on the 1995-2014 global Cololabis saira catch data collected by North Pacific Fisheries Commission,sea surface temperature(SST) and sea surface temperature anomaly(SSTA) of the Kuroshio Oyashio and Kuroshio-Oyashio Transition Zone from the website of Hawaii University,this paper analyzed the relationship between C.saira resource abundance and SST and SSTA of the Kuroshio,Oyashio and Kuroshio-Oyashio Transition Zone by using the method of grey relation analysis and frequency statistic.The results indicated that the inter-annual variation of C.saira dramatically presented an "on and off-year" phenomenon.The correlation of temperature factor in each month and the saury resource abundance correlation was high and all above 0.6,the order was in turn:SSTA_KC1>SSTA_OC7>SSTA_OC9>SSTA_TZ6>SSTA_TZ5>SSTA_TZ4>SSTA_OC8>SSTA_KC2>SST_OC9>SST_KC3>SST_KC2>SST_TZ6>SST_TZ5>SST_OC8>SST_KC1>SST_TZ4>SST_OC7>SSTA_KC3,and SSTA correlation degree was generally higher than that of SST.The optimum range of SSTA and SST were 0~1.5℃ and 14~20℃,respectively.According to K-S test(P<0.01),the range of SSTA and SST were reasonable.The research content could help the Chinese mainland master saury resource abundance abnormal changes ahead of time,which helps to arrange fishing effort reasonably.