Abstract: In order to study the spatial distribution of biodiversity factors of macrobenthos in Xiamen Bay and the correlation with environmental factors,the investigation and sampling of macrobenthos in Xiamen Bay were conducted in August 2012.The species number,diversity index H',AZTI Marine biological index AMBI and multi-variable AZTI Marine biological index M-AMBI were calculated and analyzed,and the correlation between each index and environmental factors was calculated using SPSS software.The results showed that there were 103 species in 8 phyla in the survey area,with the average species number at each station was 11,the average diversity index H' was 2.328,the average AMBI was 1.739,and the average M-AMBI was 0.538.There was a significant or extremely significant correlation between the number of species at each station and TOC,salinity,pH,DO and COD,and a significant or extremely significant correlation between AMBI and sulfide,salinity and petroleum hydrocarbons.The diversity index H' and M-AMBI of each station were significantly or extremely significantly correlated with sulfides,petroleum hydrocarbons,organic carbon,salinity,pH,dissolved oxygen and chemical oxygen demand.