Abstract: To understand the quality status and risk assessment of the mud-flat culture areas on Xipi Village in Sansha Bay, investigation and analysis were done with the contents of TOC, TPH, AVS, TP, TN, PCBs, DDTs and several heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cr, Hg, As) on sediments in April 2012. The result showed that the TN contents were researched to the second standard of the potential ecological risk with biogenic elements. The main single factor pollution factors were TN and TP which at the state of eutrophication. Thirdly, Hg and Cd were the two major Hakanson potential ecological risk factors and the total potential ecological risk was low while the pollution trend was increased slowly by human impact. Lastly, the bio-effect concentration criterion showed that the contents of DDT exceeded the ERL level and had some risk of biological toxicity while the comprehensive ecological risk of sediments were possessed low potential ecological risk and their ecological harm probability was 30% by mERM-Q.