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渔业研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (2): 133-142.DOI: 10.14012/j.cnki.fjsc.2021.02.003

• 论文与报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

海南岛近岸春秋季游泳动物多样性分析

张羽翔1,2,3,刘维1,2,3,赵海龙1,2,3*,吴程宏1,2,3,陈敏1   

  1. 1.海南省海洋与渔业科学院  2.海南省热带海水养殖工程技术研究中心  3.海南热带海洋学院,热带海洋生物资源利用与保护教育部重点实验室
  • 收稿日期:2020-07-13 修回日期:2020-09-21 出版日期:2021-04-26 发布日期:2021-04-22
  • 通讯作者: 赵海龙
  • 作者简介:张羽翔(1984-),男,工程师,硕士,主要从事渔业资源评估及海洋生态研究.E-mail:305792416@qq.com
  • 基金资助:

    海南省自然科学基金面上项目(320MS116);2019年海南省属海洋与渔业专项海南省近海渔业资源状况调查2020年海南省属科研院所技术开发专项海南省东北部海洋牧场渔业资源监测与评价

Diversity analysis of nekton in the offshore waters of Hainan Island in spring and autumn

  • Received:2020-07-13 Revised:2020-09-21 Online:2021-04-26 Published:2021-04-22

摘要:

根据2017年4月和9月在海南岛近岸海域进行的2个航次底拖网调查资料,分析该海域游泳动物的种类组成和群落特征。结果表明:海南岛近岸海域共采集到游泳动物215种,隶属于23目97科153属,春季和秋季的渔业资源生物量均值分别为751.61 kg/km2和1 426.03 kg/km2。以生物量为单位计算生物群落多样性,Shannon-Wiener种类多样性指数H′的春季和秋季平均值分别为3.44和3.63;Margalef 种类丰富度指数D的春季和秋季平均值为4.38和5.29;Pielou种类均匀度指数J的春季和秋季平均值分别为0.68和0.69,生物多样性处于较好水平。优势种有日本发光鲷(Acropoma japonicum)、竹筴鱼(Trachurus japonicus)、口虾蛄(Squilla oratoria)和银光梭子蟹(Portunus argentatus)。春季优势种呈现出小型化和低质化状态,秋季主要种类中经济种类比例有所提高。根据ABC曲线和W值结果显示,游泳动物群落处于严重干扰状态,群落结构稳定性较差。

Abstract:

Based on the bottom trawling data of two cruises in the offshore waters of Hainan Island in April and September 2017, the species composition and community characteristics of the nekton in this area were analyzed. The results showed that there were 215 species of the nekton, belonging to 23 orders, 97 families and 153 genera. The mean biomass of fishery resources in spring and autumn were 751.61 kg/km2 and 1 426.03 kg/km2, respectively. The average values of Shannon-Wiener species diversity index H′ in spring and autumn were 3.44 and 3.63, respectively, and the average values of Margalef species richness index D in spring and autumn were 4.38 and 5.29, respectively. The average values of Pielou species evenness index (J′) in spring and autumn were 0.68 and 0.69, respectively. The dominant species were Acropoma japonicum, Trachurus japonicus, Squilla oratoria and Portunus argentatus. In spring, the dominant species showed miniaturization and low quality, and in autumn, the proportion of economic species increased. The results of ABC curve and W value showed that the community of the nekton was in a serious disturbance state and the community structure was not stable.

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