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›› 2017, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (5): 392-396.

• 论文与报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

一起大闸蟹重金属镉污染的溯源分析研究

侯义宏1,唐连飞2,熊波2,刘利荣2   

  1. 1. 常德出入境检验检疫局
    2.
  • 收稿日期:2017-07-12 修回日期:2017-08-16 出版日期:2017-10-25 发布日期:2017-11-02
  • 通讯作者: 侯义宏
  • 基金资助:
    国家质检总局科技计划项目;常德市科技计划项目

Tracing analysis of cadmium pollution in hairy crabs

  • Received:2017-07-12 Revised:2017-08-16 Online:2017-10-25 Published:2017-11-02

摘要: 在常德市进行出口食用性水生动物例行安全风险监控时发现,辖区一批大阐蟹存在重金属镉(Cd)含量超标现象,抽检的4批样品中有3批超过0.5 mg/kg(国家标准:大闸蟹Cd含量为0.5 mg/kg)。为此,对大闸蟹养殖基地的养殖水质、底质以及投喂饵料中的重金属Cd展开调查分析和研究。抽采大闸蟹养殖水质、底泥、饵料(螺狮、小杂鱼)等25份样品进行Cd含量检测分析。结果显示:底泥Cd含量高于0.5 mg/kg,螺蛳Cd含量高于0.5 mg/kg,水中Cd含量符合渔业水质标准,小杂鱼Cd含量较低。结果表明该养殖基地底泥已受到一定程度的重金属Cd污染,大阐蟹Cd超标是由该养殖基地底泥Cd含量超标和投喂饵料螺蛳中cd含量较高引起,所投螺蛳体内Cd含量较高也是由该水域底泥Cd含量较高所致。

关键词: 大闸蟹, 镉污染, 分析研究, hairy crab, cadmium pollution, analysis research

Abstract: Hairy crab, also known as river crab, scientific name is Eriocheir sinensis. Because of the rich nutrition and delicious taste, hairy crabs get the favor of consumers and sell well in domestic and foreign markets. With the improvement of people's attention to food safety, the quality of hairy crab has been paid more and more attention. In recent years, due to the free discharge of industrial, agricultural, sewage and domestic sewage, aquatic animals have been deteriorating, affecting the quality of aquatic products and threatening the health of consumers. Heavy metals pollution in aquatic products is common, and cadmium content in crabs has also been reported. When routine monitoring the safety risk of edible aquatic animal for export in our city, we found that the cadmium content in the crab exceeded the standard, the content in three out of four samples was more than 0.5mg/kg (the national standard: cadmium content of crabs was 0.5mg/kg). Therefore, the investigation and analysis were made on the water quality, bottom quality and cadmium in feed. The content of cadmium was detected in 25 samples, including aquaculture water, sediment, bait (snail, small fish). The results showed that the cadmium content of sediment was higher than 0.5 mg/kg, the cadmium content of snail was higher than 0.5 mg/kg, the cadmium content of water in accordance with the standard of fishery water quality, and the cadmium content of small fish was low . In conclusion, the sediment in the breeding base has been polluted by cadmium, which caused the cadmium content of snail was high, and caused the cadmium content of hairy crab exceeded the standard finally. Due to the living habits of crabs benthic, filter food and food chain amplification, heavy metal cadmium is enriched in the body and can affect the health of consumers after being eaten. The breeding base is a purse seine culture in the West Dongting Lake. The data from this research showed that the sediment in this lake was contaminated with cadmium to some extent. Through investigation, the pollution of cadmium was the most serious in Dongting Lake. The Dongting Lake reached moderate pollution. The average content of cadmium reached 2.7 mg/kg, which was nearly 3 times that of the three level of national soil environmental quality. The results of this study provided reliable data and analysis for the next step to reduce cadmium content and breed the crabs in a scientific, safe and green way.

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