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›› 2014, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (6): 475-479.

• 论文与报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

海南岛带鱼上岸渔获量分析与管理建议

童玉和,张羽翔,刘维   

  1. 海南省水产研究所
  • 收稿日期:2014-08-04 修回日期:2014-09-11 出版日期:2014-12-25 发布日期:2014-12-23
  • 通讯作者: 童玉和
  • 基金资助:
    2014年海南省科学事业费;2013年海南省科学事业费;农业部公益性行业专项;2009年海南省科学事业费

Landing survey and management advices of hairtau on Hainan Island

  • Received:2014-08-04 Revised:2014-09-11 Online:2014-12-25 Published:2014-12-23
  • Contact: Yu-He TONG

摘要: 带鱼是南海最重要的渔业捕捞对象之一。本文应用上岸渔获调查法,统计分析了2010 年秋季至2013 年夏季带鱼渔获量变化和季节差异,比较了拖网、刺网和钓业三种作业方式中带鱼产量所占比例的季节差异。結果表明:各季节带鱼上岸渔获量按渔获量大小排序依次为秋季> 冬季> 春季> 夏季。三种作业方式中,拖网是捕捞南海带鱼最主要的作业方式,拖网渔业的季节变化主导了上岸带鱼渔获量的季节变动。拖网捕捞强度高、渔获选择性差导致带鱼资源出现被捕捞过度迹象。本文建议采用功率合并方法将中小吨位拖网渔船功率指标用于新建大吨位灯光罩网渔船,以优化海区捕捞作业结构,提高中上层鱼类资源的开发力度。同时,建议制定严格的渔船管理制度,结合油价补贴政策开展南海渔船渔捞日志收集工作,进ー步完善南海渔业资源的监控管理体系,为带鱼资源的养护、评估与可持续开发提供科学参考依据。

关键词: 带鱼, 上岸渔获调查, 管理建议, 海南岛, hairtail, landing survey, management advice, Hainan Island

Abstract: Hairtail is one of the most important fishing objects in the South China Sea. In this paper, according to landing survey data collected from autumn of 2010 to summer of 2013, the seasonal differences of haitail landing catch and its percentages among the traw ling, gilling and longlining fisheries were analyzed. The results showed that the haitail catch was highest in autumn, and then was in w inter, spring and summer in order.Trawl net is the main fishing gear for hairtail. The seasonal change of landing catch was dominated by trawling fishery. The high fishing effort and low selectivity of trawl net resulted in signs of hairtail stock overfished. This paper suggested that the power index of medium and small trawler should be used to build large -tonnage light cover net fishing boats, so as to optimize marine fishing structure and improve the pelagic fish resources development. Strict management measures should be specified, and the fishing log collection should be conducted by combining with gas price subsidy policy, which could further improve the fishery resources monitoring and management system, and provide scientific reference for conservation, evaluation and sustainable development of hairtail resources.

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