室外虾池笼养拟穴青蟹（Scylla paramamosain）的存活、蜕壳与生长

福建水产 ›› 2014, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (3): 234-240.DOI:

室外虾池笼养拟穴青蟹（Scylla paramamosain）的存活、蜕壳与生长

林琼武¹,刘涛²,陈学雷²,叶海辉²,王桂忠²,李少菁²

1. 厦门大学海洋与地球学院海洋生物科学与技术系
2.

收稿日期:2014-01-06 修回日期:2014-03-22 出版日期:2014-06-25 发布日期:2014-06-23
通讯作者: 林琼武

The survival, molting and growth of mud crab (Scylla paramamosain) cage-cultivated in outdoor earth shrimp ponds

Received:2014-01-06 Revised:2014-03-22 Online:2014-06-25 Published:2014-06-23
Contact: Qiong-wu LIN

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本文介绍了在对虾养殖池中笼养青蟹的研究结果。养殖试验历时60 d，以存活率、蜕壳率、甲长增长率、甲宽增长率和增肉系数为指标参数，比较了不同材质、容积和放置层次的养殖容器对笼养青蟹存活、蜕壳与生长的影响。结果表明：在水温25～30oC、盐度13～20、pH7.8～8.3条件下，笼养青蟹的存活率为(59.85±9.50)%、蜕壳率为(40.69±5.90)%、甲长增长率为107.73%、甲宽增长率为89.39%、增肉系数为286.11%、肥满度>1。养殖容器的材质、容积和放置层次对笼养效果有影响：胶绳网箱明显优于（P<0.05）塑料箱；容积10 L组与6 L组、18 L组相比养殖效果最佳，差异显著（P<0.05），S组略优于B组，差异不明显（P>0.05）；第二层（中层）笼箱与第三层（底层）、第一层（表层）相比，笼养效果最佳，差异极为显著（P<0.01），第三层（底层）笼箱略优于第一层（表层），但差异不明显（P>0.05）。研究结果显示了在对虾养殖池内实施笼养青蟹方式的可行性。

关键词: 拟穴青蟹, 笼养, 设施养殖, 存活率, 蜕壳率, 生长

Abstract:

This paper illustrated a research on mud crab cage culture, which lasted for 60 days, using survival rate, molting rate, carapace-length (CL) growth rate, carapace-width (CW) growth rate and meat increasing coefficient as indicators, to study effects of cage material, cage capacity and cage placement layer on survival, molt and growth of cage cultured mud crab. The results showed as follow: with temperature between 25 and 30℃,salinity 13~20 and pH 7.8~8.3,total survival rate of cage cultivated mud crab was (59.85±9.50)%,molting rate was (40.69±5.90)%,CL growth rate was 107.73%,CW growth rate was 89.39%,meat increasing coefficient was 286.11% and meat fullness degree was＞1 all along. Cage material, cage capacity and cage placement layer influenced the effect of cage culture: the plastic net cage was better than plastic box significantly (P＜0.05). In respect of capacity, group M was the best, better than group L or group S significantly (P＜0.05), and group S was better than group L insignificantly (P＞0.05); concerning cage placement layer, the middle layer was the best, better than the bottom layer or the surface layer highly significantly (P＜0.01), and the bottom layer was better than surface layer insignificantly (P＞0.05). This study revealed the feasibility of mud crab cage culture in earthen shrimp ponds.

Key words: Scylla paramamosain, cage culture, facility culture, survival rate, molting, growth

林琼武刘涛陈学雷叶海辉王桂忠李少菁. 室外虾池笼养拟穴青蟹（Scylla paramamosain）的存活、蜕壳与生长[J]. 福建水产, 2014, 36(3): 234-240.

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