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›› 2020, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (4): 348-355.

• 论文与报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

急性盐度胁迫对细鳞鯻幼鱼存活及摄饵的影响

吴勇1,施钢1,谢又兴2,陈志光1,潘传豪1   

  1. 1. 广东海洋大学
    2. 湛江市合兴水产科技有限公司
  • 收稿日期:2020-05-12 修回日期:2020-06-07 出版日期:2020-08-25 发布日期:2020-08-18
  • 通讯作者: 吴勇
  • 基金资助:
    湛江市非资助科技攻关计划项目

Effects of acute salinity stress on the survival and feeding of juvenile Terapon jarbua

  • Received:2020-05-12 Revised:2020-06-07 Online:2020-08-25 Published:2020-08-18

摘要: 以捕获的细鳞鯻(Terapon jarbua)幼鱼为对象,在水温26.0~29.5℃条件下,设置0、5、10、20、30、40、50、55、60、65 共10个盐度梯度,进行盐度骤变对细鳞鯻存活、吸脱水和摄饵的影响研究。结果表明:1)在盐度0,24~72 h细鳞鯻存活率为90.0%,恢复实验48 h后总存活率降至81.0%;2 h后吸水率6.5%,8 h后吸水率13.3%,24 h后吸水率10.4%;恢复死亡率为11.1%。2)在盐度5~40,细鳞鯻存活时间>72 h;盐度5组2 h后吸水率2.4%,8 h后吸水率1%,24 h后吸水率0.1%;盐度5~40各组恢复实验成活率为100%。3)在50~65高盐度组中,盐度65的2 h存活率为30%,4 h存活率为0%,平均存活时间为1.88 h;盐度60、55、50的24 h存活率分别为36.7%、53.3%、66.7%,48 h存活率30%、50%、66.7%;盐度65、60的2 h脱水率分别为12.7%、12.6%;盐度5~40各组72 h存活的幼鱼恢复实验存活率为100%。存活时间结果显示,盐度65的处理组平均存活时间显著低于其他处理组,所有实验组的幼鱼,只要存活时间超过48 h 将不再死亡,存活时间均可达到72 h;实验开始2 h后高盐度组出现明显脱水,低盐度组出现明显吸水,24 h后的体质量测量结果表明,细鳞鯻幼鱼在盐度5的低盐组,其渗透压调节适应能力高于盐度60的高盐组;恢复实验后,除盐度0组的细鳞鯻出现11%的死亡率外,其他各组恢复成活率均为100%;恢复实验24 h后,全部梯度存活下来的鱼摄饵正常。总之,细鳞鯻生存的极限盐度为50~65,可正常存活和摄饵的盐度为5~40,不适宜在盐度0生存。

关键词: 细鳞鯻, 盐度, 存活率, 摄饵, 急性胁迫, Terapon jarbua, salinity, the survival rate, food intake, acute salinity stress

Abstract: Acute salinity stress on Terapon jarbua caught from local sea area at the Donghai Island in south Guangdong Province were carried out at Marine Research Centre in Donghai Island in Oct. 2011. A groups of salinity gradient of 0, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 55, 60, and 65 were designed to assess salinity stress effect using the survival rate, survival time, water absorption and dehydration rates, as well as the food intake as key assessment indicator at the water temperature of 26.0~29.5℃, while the salinity in control group was set as 30. The results showed that, under the salinity of 5~40 (named the treatment 5~40, the same as below), the survival time span of Terapon jarbua was more than 72 h. In the treatment 65, the survival rate was 30% in 2 h, and decreased to 0% in 4 h. In the treatment 60, the survival rate was 36.7% in 24 h and 30% in 48h. In the treatment 55, the survival rate was 53.3% in 24 h and 50% in 48h. In the treatment 50, the survival rate was 90.0% in 24 h. In the treatment 0, the survival rate was 83.3% in 24 h. After being restored back to the original salinity (30) and continuous observed for 48 h after 72 h, the survival rate fell to 81%. The average death time span in the treatment 65 was less than any other treatments. The extreme salinity stress on the net weight and the dehydration rate of T. jarbua were measured, which was 10.4% in 1 h and 12.7% in 2 h in the treatment 65. In the treatment 60, the dehydration rate was 12.6% in 2 h. In the treatment 5, the water absorption rate was 2.4% in 2 h, 1% in 8 h, and 0.1% in 24 h, respectively. In the treatment 0, the water absorption rate was 6.5% in 2 h, 13.3% in 8 h, 10.4% in 24 h, respectively. The food intake of all of the survive fishes were normal at 24 h after the recovery experiment. The results above indicated the suitable salinity for survival and food intake of T. jarbua was 5~40.