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›› 2018, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (4): 302-307.

• 论文与报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

6种常用渔药对大刺鳅苗种的急性毒性试验

陈斌,樊海平,钟全福,林煜,薛凌展,秦志清   

  1. 福建省淡水水产研究所
  • 收稿日期:2018-06-15 修回日期:2018-07-07 出版日期:2018-08-24 发布日期:2018-08-21
  • 通讯作者: 樊海平
  • 基金资助:
    大刺鳅苗种批量人工培育技术研究;大刺鳅养殖主要病害调查与防控技术研究;大刺鳅循环水生态养殖技术研究

Acute toxicity test of six commonly-used aquaculture drugs on juvenile Masracembelue armatus

  • Received:2018-06-15 Revised:2018-07-07 Online:2018-08-24 Published:2018-08-21

摘要: 为获得6种常用渔药对大刺鳅苗种的安全浓度,为大刺鳅苗种培育及养殖生产中的病害防治提供理论依据,本实验在水温25~28℃的条件下,采用半静态换水补药的急性毒性试验方法,以平均体长为(7.65±1.03)cm、平均体重为(1.193±0.529)g的大刺鳅苗种为试验对象,研究了6种常用渔药对大刺鳅苗种的急性毒性。结果表明:阿维菌素溶液、高效氯氰菊酯溶液、二氧化氯、三氯异氰尿酸、浓戊二醛溶液、立达霉对大刺鳅苗种的安全浓度分别为0.308、0.027、0.491、0.041、4.598、1.053 mg/L。6种常用渔药中,三氯异氰尿酸对大刺鳅苗种的毒性最大且安全浓度远低于常用浓度,应禁用;阿维菌素溶液、高效氯氰菊酯溶液、二氧化氯、浓戊二醛溶液和立达霉的安全浓度高于或处于常用浓度范围内,可按规范要求使用。按照有毒物质对鱼类毒性等级的评价标准,高效氯氰菊酯溶液和三氯异氰尿酸属于高毒,阿维菌素溶液和二氧化氯属于中毒,而浓戊二醛溶液和立达霉属于低毒。

关键词: 大刺鳅, 渔药, 急性毒性, 安全浓度, Masracembelue armatu, aquaculture drugs, acute toxicity, safe concentration

Abstract: In order to obtain the safe concentrations of 6 commonly-used aquaculture drugs and provide theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of Masracembelue armatus diseases in the seeding cultivation and breeding, the acute toxicity of 6 commonly-used aquaculture drugs on juvenile Mastacembelus armatus with an average length of (7.65 ± 1.03) cm and weight of (1.193 ± 0.529) g was studied by a semi-static toxicity experiment method at the water temperature of 25~28℃. The results showed that the safe concentrations of avermectin solution, beta-cypermethrin solution, chlorine dioxide, symclosene, strong glutaral solution and ridomil were 0.308, 0.027, 0.491, 0.041, 4.598, and 1.053 mg/L, respectively. Conclusion: among the 6 commonly-used aquaculture drugs, symclosene should be banned to treat the disease of juvenile Mastacembelus armatus because its toxicity was the highest of all and its safe concentrations were significantly lower than the common concentrations. Fortunately, the safe concentrations of avermectin solution, beta-cypermethrin solution, chlorine dioxide, strong glutaral solution, and ridomil were near or higher than their common concentrations, so they could be used safely in treating the disease of juvenile Mastacembelus armatus. According to the evaluation standard of toxic substances to fish toxicity level, the toxicity of beta-cypermethrin solution and symclosene was high, while that of avermectin solution and chlorine dioxide was moderate, yet that of strong glutaral solution and ridomil was low.

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