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渔业研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (1): 42-52.

• 论文与报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

安海湾浮游植物群落特征

杜庆红1,陈凯2,黄智伟2,王鑫煌2,陈然2,林君卓2,王键2   

  1. 1. 福建海洋研究所
    2.
  • 收稿日期:2017-12-04 修回日期:2018-01-26 出版日期:2018-02-26 发布日期:2018-03-05
  • 通讯作者: 杜庆红
  • 基金资助:
    福建省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项

Community characteristics of phytoplankton in Anhai Bay

  • Received:2017-12-04 Revised:2018-01-26 Online:2018-02-26 Published:2018-03-05

摘要: 根据2016年5月(春)、8月(夏)、10月(秋)和2017年2月(冬)在安海湾调查所获得的资料,对安海湾浮游植物群落进行研究。结果表明, 浮游植物共鉴定6门68属139种,其中蓝藻5属5种,裸藻2属3种,绿藻4属8种,金藻1属1种,甲藻11属17种,硅藻45属105种。浮游植物种类以广布种为主,有较多淡水性种类存在。小环藻(未定种)、中肋骨条藻、菱形藻(未定种)、直链藻(未定种)、簇生布纹藻和聚生角毛藻等是优势的种类,其中小环藻(未定种)和中肋骨条藻在各季度月均为优势种。各季度月浮游植物细胞平均数量分别为22.26×104、6.23×104、10.61×104和54.21×104 cells/L,四个季度月平均为23.33×104 cells/L。浮游植物群落多样性指数平均为2.64。晋江经济开发区污水处理厂站位在低潮和高潮时浮游植物数量和多样性指数等变化大,裸藻和栅藻等耐污性种类数量相对较多。安海湾湾顶淡水对部分区域浮游植物有较大影响。浮游植物优势种和多样性指数等的变化表明安海湾浮游植物群落不稳定。

关键词: 浮游植物, 群落, 安海湾, phytoplankton, community, Anhai Bay

Abstract: Based on the investigations on phytoplankton in May (Spring), August (Summer), October (Autumn) of 2016 and February (Winter) of 2017 in Anhai Bay of Fujian Province, the community characteristics of phytoplankton were studied. The results showed that 139 species of phytoplankton which belong to 68 genera of 6 phylum (Oscillariophyta, Euglenophyta, Chlorophyta, Chrysophyta, Pyrrophyta and Bacillariophyta) were identified, while Cyclotella sp., Skeletonema costatum, Melosira sp., Nitzschia sp., Lauderia borealis, Gyrosigma fasciola, and Chaetoceros socialis were dominant species, especially Cyclotella sp. and Skeletonema costatum existed all over the year. The diatoms were the main group of phytoplankton and the ecotypes of phytoplankton were mostly eurytopic species and freshwater species. The average cell abundance were 22.26×104 cells/L in Spring, 6.23×104cells/L in Summer, 10.61×104 cells/L in Autumn and 54.21×104cells/L in Winter, with an average of 23.33×104cells/L over the year and the diversity of phytoplankton was 2.64. There were great differences in the cell abundance, species and diversity index of phytoplankton between high-tide period and low-tide period. The drainage of sewage discharging from Jinjiang Economic Development Zone Sewage Treatment Plant had a great influence on the growth of phytoplankton Cyclotella sp. and the abundance of antifouling species such as Euglena sp. and Scenedesmus spp. The fresh water had a great influence on the phytoplankton in some regions. The changes of phytoplankton dominant species and diversity index showed that the phytoplankton community in Anhai Bay was unstable.

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